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The current outbreak of the Desert Locust has affected much of eastern Africa and has reached as far as Pakistan and India in Asia, generating significant agricultural losses in a region that is already highly unstable economically, politically, and in terms of food security for its human populations (FAO, 2020). Desert Locust outbreaks require a combination of weather, soil and vegetation conditions that favour the reproduction and aggregation of otherwise solitary individuals (Despland et al., 2000) (Figure 1a). When those conditions appear, locusts aggregate, multiply in large numbers and migrate long distances, turning into a plague and devastating crops on their way. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Cover paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) is the most frequent cause of cardiac embolism. Our goal was to discover parameters associated with early pAF detection with intensive cardiac monitoring. METHODS Crypto-AF was a multicenter prospective study (four Comprehensive Stroke Centers) to detect pAF in non-lacunar cryptogenic stroke continuously monitored within the first 28 days. We assessed stroke severity, infarct pattern, large vessel occlusion at baseline (LVO), EKG analysis, supraventricular extrasystolia in Holter, left atria volume index (LAVI) and BNP level. The percentage of pAF detection and pAF episodes lasting more than 5 hours were registered. RESULTS Out of 296 patients included 264 patients completed the monitoring period with 23.1% (61/264) of pAF detection. Patients with pAF were older OR 1.04 (95% CI 1.01-1.08); they had more hemorrhagic infarction OR 4.03 (95% CI 1.44-11.22), they were more likely to have LVO OR 4.29 (95% CI 2.31-7.97) (p 5 hours 29.6% (21/71) Vs. 8.3% (12/144) OR 4.62 (95% CI 2.11-10.08), (p less then 0.001). In mean follow up of 26.82 months (SD 10.15) the stroke recurrence rate was 4.6% (12/260). CONCLUSIONS LVO in cryptogenic stroke emerged as an independent marker of pAF. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibodies can be used as add-on biological therapies in allergic and non-allergic patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. However, within such a therapeutic context real-life investigations are lacking. OBJECTIVE Therefore, the aim of the present observational study was to evaluate the effects of mepolizumab in allergic and non-allergic subjects with severe eosinophilic asthma. METHODS Relevant clinical, functional, laboratory, and pharmacotherapeutic parameters were assessed in the above patient subgroups. A939572 purchase RESULTS After one year of add-on biological treatment with mepolizumab, our 88 patients experienced a remarkable improvement of their severe asthma, documented by a better symptom control, expressed by a significant improvement in asthma control test (ACT) score. Indeed, the mean value (±standard deviation) of ACT score increased from 12.55 (±3.724) to 21.08 (±3.358). Moreover, significant improvements were also detected with regard to the median values (iutic option for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, irrespective of IgE serum concentrations, and allergic sensitization. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.As an aerosol and droplets generating procedure, tracheostomy increases contamination risks for health workers in the coronavirus disease context. To preserve the health care system capacity and to limit virus cross-transmission, protecting caregivers against coronavirus infection is of critical importance. We report the use of external fixator equipment to set up a physical interface between the patient's neck and the caregiver performing a tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients. Once the metal frame set in place, it is wrapped with a single-use clear and sterile cover for surgical C-arm. This installation is simple, easy, and fast to achieve and can be carried out with inexpensive material available in every hospital. This physical interface is an additional safety measure that prevents the direct projection of secretions or droplets. It should, of course, only be considered as a complement to strict compliance with barrier precautions and personal protective equipment. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.OBJECTIVE To describe the repair of unstable facial fractures by using Foley catheter balloons as intrasinus bolsters. STUDY DESIGN Case report ANIMALS Two weanling foals with unilateral fractures of the sinus and orbit secondary to kick injuries. Preoperative imaging that included positive contrast dacrocystorhinography and computed tomography confirmed severe comminution of facial fractures and nasolacrimal duct disruption in both foals. METHODS Small bone fragments were surgically removed, and large fragments were retained even when denuded of periosteum. Repair procedures included nasolacrimal canaliculosinusotomy and suturing fracture fragments together with polydioxanone sutures. After fixation, the fracture fragments could be depressed into the sinus with manual pressure, so two intrasinus Foley catheters were placed to bolster the sinus wall, with the tubing exiting through a frontal sinus trephine. The skin was completely closed over the fractures. Catheters and nasolacrimal stenting were maintained in place during fracture healing. RESULTS One foal prematurely dislodged catheters and nasolacrimal stent 11 days after fixation. The catheters and stenting were removed as planned 4 weeks after surgery in the second foal. Wound, fracture healing, and overall cosmesis was good in both foals, and epiphora resolved. Surgical site infection, sinusitis, and sequestration did not occur. Both foals became high-level performance horses with acceptable cosmetic outcome and good bilateral nasal airflow. CONCLUSION Foley catheter balloons supported sinus fracture repair and maintained stability of the surgical reconstruction during convalescence. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Suture repair of comminuted sinus fractures can be supported by using Foley catheters, which are readily available. © 2020 The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.Eosin Y is a potential new color test for use in detecting illicit drugs that has not been extensively studied. In the present study, a variety of drugs of abuse and fentanyl analogues were tested to determine which drugs will bind to eosin Y, which functional groups are capable of binding and eliciting a color change, and a mechanism for eosin Y binding to fentanyl. Further, these agents were combined with common cutting agents and other drugs of abuse in order to determine the fentanyl detection limit in a drug mixture using an eosin Y test strip. Additionally, cobalt thiocyanate was used to determine whether the combination of cobalt thiocyanate and eosin Y has the potential to identify fentanyl. Through the testing performed, we concluded that (i) Eosin Y is capable of detecting low amounts of fentanyl down to 1%, (ii) Eosin Y binds to select tertiary amines to produce an orange to pink color change, and (iii) Eosin Y binds to the nonpiperidine ring nitrogen of fentanyl as a primary binding site and the piperidine ring nitrogen as a secondary binding site.
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