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Public Health Implications. Supportive economic policies and interventions addressing long-standing harmful social structures are essential to mitigate the unequal health harms of COVID-19.We sought to examine the strategies promoting and countering state preemption of local sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes in the United States. Using Crosbie and Schmidt's tobacco preemption framework, we analyzed key tactics used by the SSB industry to achieve state preemption of local taxes identified in news sources, industry Web sites, government reports, and public documents.Starting in 2017, 4 states rejected and 4 passed laws preempting local SSB taxes. The beverage industry attempted to secure state preemption through front groups and trade associations, lobbying key policymakers, inserting preemptive language into other legislation, and issuing legal threats and challenges. The public health community's response is in the early stages of engaging in media advocacy, educating policymakers, mobilizing national collaboration, and expanding legal networks.State preemption of local SSB taxes is in the early stages but will likely scale up as local tax proposals increase. The public health community has a substantial role in proactively working to prevent preemption concurrent with health policy activity and using additional strategies successfully used in tobacco control to stop preemption diffusion.IGT family genes function critically to regulate lateral organ orientation in plants. However, little information is available about this family of genes in Brassica napus. In this study, 27 BnIGT genes were identified on 16 chromosomes and divided into seven clades, namely LAZY1∼LAZY6 and TAC1 (Tiller Angle Control 1), based on their phylogenetic relationships. Duplication analysis revealed that 91.1% of the gene pairs were derived from whole-genome duplication. Most BnIGT genes had a similar structural pattern with one or two very short exons followed by a long and a shorter exon. Common and specific motifs were identified among the seven clades, and motif 1, containing the family-specific GφL(A/T)IGT sequence, was observed in all clades except LAZY5. Three types of cis-elements pertinent to transcription factor binding, light responses, and hormone signaling were detected in the BnIGT promoters. Intriguingly, more than half of the BnIGT genes exhibited no or very low expression in various tissues, and the LAZY1 and TAC1 clade members showed distinct tissue expression preferences. Coexpression analysis revealed that the LAZY1 members had strong associations with cell wall biosynthesis genes. This analysis provides a deeper understanding of the BnIGT gene family and will facilitate further deduction of their role in regulating plant architecture in B. napus.Objective Describe our experiences using teleconsultation approach to care for pediatric subspecialty follow-up patients during pandemic period. Methods Synchronous teleconsultation solution was developed and implemented as a multiplatform/multimodality service, capable or running on desktop browsers and smartphones, and capable to handle chat, audio, and video. Term of consent was applied. Absolute number and percentage of patients assisted, as well as the form of consultation and the mean of attendance per patient were presented. Results A telemedicine service was started using tools provided by The Santa Catarina State Integrated Telemedicine and Telehealth System offering real-time chat, through an online-based teleconsultation service. We assisted 75 patients in 109 consultations in 3 months, of which 69.7% were performed by chat. Mean of consultations per patient was 1.45. Conclusion To our knowledge this is the first service in offering this modality of medicine for Brazilian public health care system. Patients and health care personnel reported satisfaction.Background Wuxiang virus was isolated from sandfly specimens collected in Wuxiang County, Shanxi Province, China in 2018, representing the first reported isolation of sandfly-borne virus from sandflies collected in a natural environment in China. The local sandfly density, seasonal fluctuations, and temporal and spatial distributions of the virus in Wuxiang County remain unclear. Materials and Methods Four fixed sandfly collection sites were set up in Wuxiang County and sandfly specimens were collected continuously from June to August 2019. All sandfly specimens were subjected to viral isolation and molecular biological analysis. Results The data on sandfly specimens collected in Wuxiang County from June to August 2019 showed a significant difference in the density of sandflies between June 26 and August 16 (p  0.05). DMX-5084 molecular weight The virus isolation rate of sandflies collected at different collection sites showed a statistically significant difference (p  less then  0.05). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that the Wuxiang virus is a stable viral population in local sandflies. Strengthened research into Wuxiang virus infection of humans and animals and clarification of the public health hazards posed by Wuxiang virus to both humans and animals are urgently needed.Background The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) modified breast cancer screening guidelines in November 2009. The impact has been studied among privately and Medicare insured populations, but not among universally insured women. Materials and Methods This study compared the proportion of TRICARE beneficiaries aged 40-64 receiving mammograms from fiscal years 2006 to 2015 using an interrupted time series analysis to determine the impact of the 2009 USPSTF guideline changes. Stratified analyses evaluated differences by age (ages 40-49, 50-64), race, care setting, beneficiary type, and military status. Results The proportion of women receiving mammograms increased from October 2005 through September 2009. A small, but significant decrease of 65-66 fewer women screened per 10,000 occurred in the first quarter of 2010 (October 1 to December 31) following the screening guideline update publication. The proportion screened then remained unchanged through 2015. Comparative analysis revealed no differences in impact between age groups, blacks and whites, or military dependents and active-duty/retirees.
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