Notes

A primary study the affiliation involving tamoxifen, endoxifen, and also 4-hydroxytamoxifen together with blood vessels fats inside individuals with breast cancers.
as y vómitos postoperatorios (p = 0,02) y una menor presión intraoperatoria e intraabdominal (p less then 0,001).LIMITACIONESEste estudio fue un estudio de un solo centro.CONCLUSIONESEl bloqueo neuromuscular profundo, resultó en mayor alivio del dolor y menor consumo de opioides y uso de analgésicos de rescate, después de la cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica. El bloqueo neuromuscular profundo, se asoció con menos náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios y facilitó el uso de una presión intraabdominal más baja, en la cirugía laparoscópica. Consulte Video Resumen en http//links.lww.com/DCR/B458.
Patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors >2 cm often undergo radical surgery, despite limited data supporting this practice. Five- and 10-year survival rates for these patients have been reported previously as 74.8% and 58.6%.

Overall survival was compared between local excision and radical surgery and pN0 and pN1 within the radical surgery subgroup for rectal neuroendocrine tumors >2 cm. Factors independently associated with survival were identified.

A retrospective, nationwide, multivariate regression analysis was performed.

Data are from the National Cancer Database (2004-2013).

Patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors >2 cm, excluding stages T4 and M1, were included.

Outcome measures were overall survival and independent risk factors for overall survival based on multivariate regression analysis.

Each group had 178 patients. Angiogenesis inhibitor After local excision, 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 88% and 72% vs 51% and 42% after radical surgery (p < 0.001). A multivariate Cox proportical, la supervivencia fue similar entre los grupos pN0 vs. pN1, lo que posiblemente indica un beneficio de la cirugía radical para estos pacientes. Consulte Video Resumen en http//links.lww.com/DCR/B455.
A more extensive resection is often required in locally advanced rectal cancer, depending on preoperative neoadjuvant treatment response.

Circumferential margin involvement and postoperative outcomes after total mesorectal excision and multivisceral resection were assessed in patients with clinical locally advanced (cT4) rectal cancer at a national level.

This is a population-based study.

Data were retrieved from the Dutch Colorectal Audit.

A total of 2242 of 2881 patients with cT4 rectal cancer between January 2009 and December 2017 were selected.

Main outcomes were resection margins, postoperative complications, and mortality.

Multivisceral resection was performed in 936 of 2242 patients, of whom 629 underwent extended multivisceral resection. Positive circumferential margin rate was higher after multivisceral resection than after total mesorectal excision 21.2% vs 13.9% (p < 0.001). More postoperative complications occurred after limited and extended multivisceral resections than after tot [1,56 a 2,52], p less then 0,001), Hartmann (OR = 1,42, 95% Cl [1,07 a 1,90], p = 0,02) y resección abdominoperineal (OR 1,56, Cl 95% [1,25 a 1,96], p less then 0,001).LIMITACIONESNo se disponía de datos que especificaran el alcance de las resecciones multiviscerales y las complicaciones de Clavien Dindo I-II.CONCLUSIONESEste estudio poblacional reveló tasas de complicaciones postoperatorias y positividad del margen circunferencial relativamente altas en pacientes con cáncer de recto cT4, especialmente después de resecciones multiviscerales, pero tasas de mortalidad bajas. Consulte Video Resumen en http//links.lww.com/DCR/B457.
The aim of this study was to provide a critical appraisal of the literature on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on organ transplantation, with a specific focus on lung transplantation given the predominant pulmonary involvement of the virus.

There was a significant decrease in lung transplant volumes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic due to a combination of reduced availability of donors and an imbalance between waitlist additions and inactivations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was subsequently associated with an exuberant immune response that can lead to the development of postinfectious fibrotic lung disease. Few lung transplants have been performed in previously infected recipients and long-term outcomes remain unknown. Although the lung transplant volume rebounded during the second wave, it is unclear what the long-term effects of healthcare resource limitation and public health measures will have on transplant volumes in the future. Outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in previous lung transplant recipients appear to be worse than the general public, and, although an immunosuppressed state likely contributes to these outcomes, whether immunosuppression should be altered in those exposed to or infected with SARS-CoV-2 remains unanswered in the absence of unequivocal data.

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a number of challenges for lung transplant programs across the globe. Multiple research questions remain to be answered in order to optimally manage lung transplant recipients in the context of this pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a number of challenges for lung transplant programs across the globe. Multiple research questions remain to be answered in order to optimally manage lung transplant recipients in the context of this pandemic.
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is the leading cause of early mortality following lung transplantation and is typically caused by lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Current management of PGD is largely supportive and there are no approved therapies to prevent lung IRI after transplantation. The purinergic signaling network plays an important role in this sterile inflammatory process, and pharmacologic manipulation of said network is a promising therapeutic strategy. This review will summarize recent findings in this area.

In the past 18 months, our understanding of lung IRI has improved, and it is becoming clear that the purinergic signaling network plays a vital role. Recent works have identified critical components of the purinergic signaling network (Pannexin-1 channels, ectonucleotidases, purinergic P1 and P2 receptors) involved in inflammation in a number of pathologic states including lung IRI. In addition, a functionally-related calcium channel, the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel, has recently been linked to purinergic signaling and has also been shown to mediate lung IRI.
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