Notes

[Bidirectional unsafe effects of traditional chinese medicine: a subgroup examination regarding multicenter randomized managed tryout involving homeopathy using Tiaoshen Jianpi with regard to moody bowel syndrome].
A gas composed of a large number of atoms evolving according to Newtonian dynamics is often described by continuum hydrodynamics. Proving this rigorously is an outstanding open problem, and precise numerical demonstrations of the equivalence of the hydrodynamic and microscopic descriptions are rare. We test this equivalence in the context of the evolution of a blast wave, a problem that is expected to be at the limit where hydrodynamics could work. We study a one-dimensional gas at rest with instantaneous localized release of energy for which the hydrodynamic Euler equations admit a self-similar scaling solution. Our microscopic model consists of hard point particles with alternating masses, which is a nonintegrable system with strong mixing dynamics. Our extensive microscopic simulations find a remarkable agreement with Euler hydrodynamics, with deviations in a small core region that are understood as arising due to heat conduction.Scalar bosonic stars (BSs) stand out as a multipurpose model of exotic compact objects. We enlarge the landscape of such (asymptotically flat, stationary, everywhere regular) objects by considering multiple fields (possibly) with different frequencies. This allows for new morphologies and a stabilization mechanism for different sorts of unstable BSs. First, any odd number of complex fields, yields a continuous family of BSs departing from the spherical, equal frequency, ℓ-BSs. As the simplest illustration, we construct the ℓ=1 BSs family, that includes several single-frequency solutions, including even parity (such as spinning BSs and a toroidal, static BS) and odd parity (a dipole BS) limits. Second, these limiting solutions are dynamically unstable, but can be stabilized by a hybrid-ℓ construction adding a sufficiently large fundamental ℓ=0 BS of another field, with a different frequency. Evidence for this dynamical robustness is obtained by nonlinear numerical simulations of the corresponding Einstein-(complex, massive) Klein-Gordon system, both in formation and evolution scenarios, and a suggestive correlation between stability and energy distribution is observed. Similarities and differences with vector BSs are anticipated.The magnetic van der Waals crystals MnBi_2Te_4/(Bi_2Te_3)_n have drawn significant attention due to their rich topological properties and the tunability by external magnetic field. Although the MnBi_2Te_4/(Bi_2Te_3)_n family have been intensively studied in the past few years, their close relatives, the MnSb_2Te_4/(Sb_2Te_3)_n family, remain much less explored. In this work, combining magnetotransport measurements, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and first principles calculations, we find that MnSb_4Te_7, the n=1 member of the MnSb_2Te_4/(Sb_2Te_3)_n family, is a magnetic topological system with versatile topological phases that can be manipulated by both carrier doping and magnetic field. Our calculations unveil that its A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state stays in a Z_2 AFM topological insulator phase, which can be converted to an inversion-symmetry-protected axion insulator phase when in the ferromagnetic (FM) state. Moreover, when this system in the FM phase is slightly carrier doped on either the electron or hole side, it becomes a Weyl semimetal with multiple Weyl nodes in the highest valence bands and lowest conduction bands, which are manifested by the measured notable anomalous Hall effect. Our work thus introduces a new magnetic topological material with different topological phases that are highly tunable by carrier doping or magnetic field.We show that the commonly adopted hot dark matter bound on the axion mass m_a≲1  eV is not reliable, since it is obtained by extrapolating the chiral expansion in a region where the effective field theory breaks down. This is explicitly shown via the calculation of the axion-pion thermalization rate at the next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory. We finally advocate a strategy for a sound extraction of the axion hot dark matter bound via lattice QCD techniques.We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. this website Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO-Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date Gμ≲4×10^-15. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.In this Letter we study how fast the energy density of a quantum gas can increase in time, when the interatomic interaction characterized by the s-wave scattering length a_s is increased from zero with arbitrary time dependence. We show that, at short time, the energy density can at most increase as sqrt[t], which can be achieved when the time dependence of a_s is also proportional to sqrt[t], and especially, a universal maximum energy growth rate can be reached when a_s varies as 2sqrt[ℏt/(πm)]. If a_s varies faster or slower than sqrt[t], it is, respectively, proximate to the quench process and the adiabatic process, and both result in a slower energy growth rate. These results are obtained by analyzing the short time dynamics of the short-range behavior of the many-body wave function characterized by the contact, and are also confirmed by numerically solving an example of interacting bosons with time-dependent Bogoliubov theory. These results can also be verified experimentally in ultracold atomic gases.
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