Notes

The particular phylogeny, phylogeography, as well as diversification history of your westernmost Cookware cobra (Serpentes: Elapidae: Naja oxiana) in the Trans-Caspian location.
cant associations of baseline clinicopathologic or MRI findings with pCR (P = 0.07-0.96). DATA CONCLUSION Radiomic texture features from pretreatment MRIs may enable early identification of potential pCR to neoadjuvant chemoradiation, as well as generalize across sites. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE 2. © 2020 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.The insular cortex plays a key role in the integration of multimodal information and in interoceptive and exteroceptive processing. For instance, neurons in the central dorsal insula that are active during interoceptive tasks, also show an adaptation to gustatory stimulation. We tested the link between interoception and exteroception for the olfactory system (i.e., the second domain of chemosensation). In a sample of 31 participants, olfactory function was assessed in a two dimensional approach while the Heartbeat Perception Task served as a measurement for cardiac interoceptive accuracy. Selleck SB202190 Subsequent fMRI sessions were performed on a 3-Tesla MR scanner containing 12-15 olfactory stimulation trials with a mildly pleasant food-related odor (coffee). Persons scoring high in the cardiac interoceptive accuracy task presented stronger smelling abilities as well as enhanced BOLD responses following olfactory stimulation. The olfactory stimulation triggered enhanced insular activation patterns in the central dorsal insular cortex. Consistent with prior findings on the coherence of gustatory and interoceptive processing in the central dorsal insula, these results base the insula as a common region for the integration of interoception and exteroception. We propose an explanatory model of how exteroception triggers the integration of intero- and exteroceptive sensations in the central dorsal insular cortex. © 2020 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Brain networks are increasingly characterized at different scales, including summary statistics, community connectivity, and individual edges. While research relating brain networks to behavioral measurements has yielded many insights into brain-phenotype relationships, common analytical approaches only consider network information at a single scale. Here, we designed, implemented, and deployed Multi-Scale Network Regression (MSNR), a penalized multivariate approach for modeling brain networks that explicitly respects both edge- and community-level information by assuming a low rank and sparse structure, both encouraging less complex and more interpretable modeling. Capitalizing on a large neuroimaging cohort (n = 1, 051), we demonstrate that MSNR recapitulates interpretable and statistically significant connectivity patterns associated with brain development, sex differences, and motion-related artifacts. Compared to single-scale methods, MSNR achieves a balance between prediction performance and model complexity, with improved interpretability. Together, by jointly exploiting both edge- and community-level information, MSNR has the potential to yield novel insights into brain-behavior relationships. © 2020 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Over the past two decades, functional neuroimaging has not only grown into a large field of research, but also substantially evolved. Here we provide a quantitative assessment of these presumed in sample composition and data analysis, using fMRI studies on food/taste research published between 1998 and 2019 as an exemplary case in which the scientific objectives themselves have remained largely stable. A systematic search for papers written in English was done using multiple databases and identified 426 original articles that were subsequently analyzed. The median sample size significantly increased from 11.5 to 35.5 while the ratio of male to female subjects remained stable. There were, however, more papers involving female subjects only, rather than male subjects only, since 2003. There was a decline in uncorrected results and statistical correction by false-discovery rate. Reflecting a trend toward more conservative thresholding, the number of foci reported per paper did not change significantly and sample size (power) did not correlate with the number of reported foci. The median journal impact factor and the normalized number of citations (citations per year) of the papers, in turn, showed a significantly decreasing trend. Number of citations negatively correlated to sample size, publication year but positively correlated to journal impact factor, and was also influenced by statistical correction method. There was a decreasing trend in studies recruiting both left-handed and right-handed subjects. In summary, the present paper quantifies several large-scale trends that have often been anecdotally discussed and reveals the changing nature of neuroimaging studies that may be considered when pursuing meta-analytic approaches. © 2020 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.In this work electrospun Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) derived carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are investigated with respect to their gas adsorption properties. By employing CO 2 adsorption measurements it is shown that adsorption capacity and selectivity of the fibers may be tailored by the applied carbonization temperature. General carbon nanofiber pore properties are identified by Ar adsorption measurements, whereas CO 2 adsorption measurements provide information about the ultramicroporosity, adsorption energies and the adsorption capacities. Ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) selectivities at practically relevant conditions are determined by the evaluation of single component data for N 2 and CO 2 . Especially for low carbonization temperatures the CNFs exhibit a very good low pressure adsorption performance and excellent CO 2 /N 2 IAST selectivities of 350 at 20 mbar and 132 at 1 bar, which are attributed to a molecular sieve effect in very narrow slit pores. These IAST selectivities represent some of the highest values for carbon materials reported in literature so far and the highest IAST selectivities for as prepared, non-post-treated carbon ever. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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