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β-catenin-promoted cholesterol metabolic rate guards towards cell phone senescence inside bare mole-rat tissues.
Metamaterials, artificially constructed structures that mimic lattices in natural materials, have made numerous contributions to the development of unconventional optical devices. With an increasing demand for more diverse functionalities, terahertz (THz) metamaterials are also expanding their domain, from the realm of mere passive devices to the broader area where functionalized active THz devices are particularly required. A brief review on THz metamaterials is given with a focus on research conducted in the authors' group. The first part is centered on enhanced THz optical responses from tightly coupled meta-atom structures, such as high refractive index, enhanced optical activity, anomalous wavelength scaling, large phase retardation, and nondispersive polarization rotation. click here Next, electrically gated graphene metamaterials are reviewed with an emphasis on the functionalization of enhanced THz optical responses. Finally, the linear frequency conversion of THz waves in a rapidly time-variant THz metamaterial is briefly discussed in the more general context of spatiotemporal control of light. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The word 'stoic' brings images of a cold, emotionless logician. This misleading caricature steers individuals away from an effective tool for personal wellness. The tranquil (not apathetic) stoic prioritizes three core principles Virtue, Control of Emotions, and Community. Early Stoics built on Hippocrates's philosophy, but rarely does the medical literature highlight this timeless wisdom. Let us revive this surgically precise antidote for burnout. Overcome harmful, negative emotions by recognizing them as judgements. Strive to be "free from passions and yet full of love." Notice and appreciate the connection you have with other people, even the difficult ones. Most importantly, focus your attention on what you can control. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The first draft human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence was published in 1981, paving the way for two decades of discovery linking mtDNA variation with human disease. Severe pathogenic mutations cause sporadic and inherited rare disorders that often involve the nervous system. However, some mutations cause mild organ-specific phenotypes that have a reduced clinical penetrance, and polymorphic variation of mtDNA is associated with an altered risk of developing several late-onset common human diseases including Parkinson's disease. mtDNA mutations also accumulate during human life and are enriched in affected organs in a number of age-related diseases. Thus, mtDNA contributes to a wide range of human pathologies. For many decades, it has generally been accepted that mtDNA is inherited exclusively down the maternal line in humans. Although recent evidence has challenged this dogma, whole-genome sequencing has identified nuclear-encoded mitochondrial sequences (NUMTs) that can give the false impression of paternation of The Journal of Internal Medicine.Monitoring water quality in hemodialysis systems is extremely important to maintain adequate quality services for patients suffering from kidney failure. This work aims to examine and evaluate bacteriological characteristics and endotoxin contamination levels in hemodialysis water produced in dialysis centers. Forty-eight water samples were collected and analyzed from four major hospitals in Baghdad for one year to evaluate seasonal effects. The analysis included the determination of total heterotrophic bacteria using the pour plate method, identification of bacterial isolate using the Vitek2 compact instrument, and the determination of endotoxins levels using Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) method. In addition, tap water samples (a source for the hemodialysis water) were also examined bacteriologically. Results showed that 44% of the tested samples for bacterial levels are higher than the maximum value of (100 CFU/ml) set out by the international standards. Endotoxin values for these centers fluctuated during the study period and 44% of them exceeded the international standards (>0.25 EU/ml). These results call for applying improved technology to modify the existing water treatment units for better control and for national standardization of the microbiological quality of hemodialysis water. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.in French OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF - hip, proximal humerus, wrist and distal forearm, and clinical spine) in bariatric surgery patients versus matched controls. BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is associated with an increase in fracture risk. However, it remains unclear whether the same degree of fracture risk is associated with sleeve gastrectomy, which has recently surpassed gastric bypass. METHODS Records from the French National Inpatient database were used from 2008 to 2018. Bariatric surgery patients, aged 40-65, with BMI ≥40 kg/m², hospitalised between January 1st, 2010 and December 31st, 2014 were matched to one control (11) by age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, year of inclusion and class of obesity (40-49.9 vs. ≥50 kg/m²). We performed a Cox regression analysis to assess the association between the risk of any MOF, and respectively (i) bariatric surgery (yes/no), (ii) type of surgical procedure (gastric bypass, gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty and sleeve gastrectomy) versus no surgery. RESULTS 81,984 patients were included in the study (40,992 in the bariatric surgery group, and 40,992 matched controls). There were 585 MOFs in the surgical group (2.30 cases per 1000 PY) and 416 MOFs in the matched controls (1.93 cases per 1000 PY). The risk of MOF was significantly higher in the surgical group (HR = 1.22 [1.08 to 1.39]). We observed an increase in risk of MOF for gastric bypass only (HR=1.70 [1.46 to 1.98]) compared with the matched controls. CONCLUSIONS In patients aged 40-65, gastric bypass but not sleeve gastrectomy or the other procedures increased risk of major osteoporotic fractures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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