Notes

Relaxation channels of multi-photon thrilled xenon clusters.
To measure service quality gaps in dental services provided at public hospitals of the district, Rawalpindi.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two of the public hospitals of the district, Rawalpindi from April to October 2019. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to include a total number of 400 patients, equally divided between Rural health center (RHC) and Tehsil headquarter (THQ). Face to face interviews were done using a 32-item SERVQUAL in the form of a structured questionnaire where one part of the questionnaire was filled before the treatment and the other after the treatment. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.90. It was analyzed using SPSS version 25 with descriptive and parametric tests, and further multiple linear regression was done.

The quality of services provided to patients was significantly lower than their expectations in both RHC (-14.48 ± 7.96) and THQ (-9.97 ± 7.97). Independent t-test showed a significant difference in service quality between both the hospitals (-4.41), with a better quality of services in THQ. Association of service quality gap was statistically significant with gender, education, occupation, monthly income, and the number of visits to the hospital with p-value < 0.05. The type of hospital was the strongest predictor (ß = 4.12) of the outcome variable.

The findings reveal that patients' expectations exceed their perception of dental services provided in public hospitals. THQ provided a better quality of services compared to RHC.
The findings reveal that patients' expectations exceed their perception of dental services provided in public hospitals. THQ provided a better quality of services compared to RHC.
To highlight the prevalence of incidentally discovered ocular findings harvested amongst candidates of different age groups presented for pre-employment screening in a tertiary care eye hospital.

This Cross sectional prospective study was conducted in Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, from Jun 2018 to Dec 2019. Data was collected using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All candidates who appeared for medical fitness examination were included. Candidates belonged to various regions of Pakistan. Complete ophthalmic checkup including visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment examination was performed. The data analysis was done by IBM SPSS 2.0 software.

One thousand and five hundred (1500) candidates underwent ophthalmic medical fitness examination during Jun 2018 to Dec 2019, out of these 86% (1290) were males and 14% (210) were females. Mean age of the candidates was 23.14 ± 5.66 years. The most common incidental ocular findings were amblyopia 24.6% (369), strabismus 10% (150), cataract 7.3% (110), macular scar 6.5% (100) and colour vision deficiencies 5.5% (82).

The study demonstrates that out of total patients, 77% (1095) were found to be asymptomatic and 23% (405) were symptomatic. The study provides frequency for prevailing diseases and can help in improvement of eye care screening.
The study demonstrates that out of total patients, 77% (1095) were found to be asymptomatic and 23% (405) were symptomatic. The study provides frequency for prevailing diseases and can help in improvement of eye care screening.
To observe the clinical value of 3D printing technology assisted surgery combined with early postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Sixty elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures of the femur who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. In the experimental group, 3D printing technology assisted surgery combined with early postoperative comprehensive rehabilitation was used for treatment. While in the control group, traditional open reduction and dynamic hip screw internal fixation combined with postoperative conventional treatment was utilized. The duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, weight bearing time, fracture healing time and other surgical indicators were recorded respectively, and hip joint function recovery was evaluated prior to and 2 weeks after surgery. All patients were followed up for six months to observe the occumbined treatment has the advantages of precise operative reduction, fast postoperative recovery, and certain safety and effectiveness.
3D printing with early rehab proved to be effective treatment in our study. Roscovitine mw Such a combined treatment has the advantages of precise operative reduction, fast postoperative recovery, and certain safety and effectiveness.
to determine the relationship of 374T/A (rs1800624) polymorphism in the gene encoding RAGE with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and serum soluble RAGE (sRAGE) level in Pakistani patients.

A case-control study, conducted from January 2017 to December 2018, involving 150 healthy controls (HC), 150 T2DM patients with no retinopathy (DNR) and 150 DR patients diagnosed by coloured fundus photography. Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system - polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) was used for genotyping. Serum sRAGE levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELIZA).

The frequency of TT, TA and AA genotypes of rs1800624 polymorphism were 92.7%, 6%, 1.3% in HC, 80%, 17.3%, 2.7% in DNR and 76.7%, 19.3%, 4.3% in DR groups. Heterozygous TA genotype and mutant A allele showed significant association with diabetes and DR vs HC. In dominant model, mutant allele showed significant association with DNR and DR vs HC. No significant association of rs1800624 was detected with DR and its sub-groups, non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR) vs DNR. Dividing NPDR into mild, moderate and severe, heterozygous TA genotype showed significant association with moderate and severe NPDR vs DNR. In DNR and DR groups, TA genotype was significantly associated with raised sRAGE.

rs1800624 RAGE gene polymorphism might be a risk factor for T2DM and NPDR in Pakistani patients. Raised sRAGE levels have a positive correlation with PDR and are associated with heterozygosity of rs1800624 polymorphism in DNR and DR groups.
rs1800624 RAGE gene polymorphism might be a risk factor for T2DM and NPDR in Pakistani patients. Raised sRAGE levels have a positive correlation with PDR and are associated with heterozygosity of rs1800624 polymorphism in DNR and DR groups.
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