Notes

SENP1 helps bring about MCL pathogenesis through regulating JAK-STAT5 path and SOCS2 expression.
Benzodiazepines are commonly used for behavioral and psychiatric symptoms of dementia, despite their numerous adverse effects and the lack of evidence regarding their efficacy in this context. We studied longitudinal benzodiazepines exposure in incident cases of Alzheimer's disease and related syndromes (ADRS) in France. We used a cohort of incident ADRS patients identified in 2012 within the national health data system. Selleckchem GSK2879552 Benzodiazepines exposure was measured 1 year before, to 5 years after ADRS identification. Quarterly benzodiazepines prevalence and incidence were computed. We identified factors associated with long half-life benzodiazepines initiation. A total of 106 508 subjects were included. Quarterly benzodiazepines prevalence was stable (around 25%) but we saw an important decrease in long half-life benzodiazepines compensated by an increase in short half-life benzodiazepines. In most benzodiazepine initiations, the first episode lasted less than 3 months. Factors associated with initiating a long half-life benzodiazepine were young age, male gender, no registration with ADRS as a long-term disease, having consulted an ADRS specialist, antipsychotic reimbursement before the index date, no admission in nursing home. Prevalence of benzodiazepines use remains high in subjects with ADRS despite guidelines for their avoidance. However, indicators regarding benzodiazepine initiations (duration, benzodiazepine type) suggest some caution in their use.OBJECTIVES Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is characterized by unsatisfactory defecation and difficult or infrequent stools. CIC affects 9%-20% of adults in the United States, and although prevalent, gaps in knowledge remain regarding CIC healthcare seeking and medication use in the community. We recruited a population-based sample to determine the prevalence and predictors of (i) individuals having discussed their constipation symptoms with a healthcare provider and (ii) the use of constipation therapies. METHODS We recruited a representative sample of Americans aged 18 years or older who had experienced constipation. Those who met the Rome IV criteria for irritable bowel syndrome and opioid-induced constipation were excluded. The survey included questions on constipation severity, healthcare seeking, and the use of constipation medications. We used multivariable regression methods to adjust for confounders. RESULTS Overall, 4,702 participants had experienced constipation (24.0% met the Rome IV CIC criteria). Among all respondents with previous constipation, 37.6% discussed their symptoms with a clinician (primary care provider 87.6%, gastroenterologist 26.0%, and urgent care/emergency room physician 7.7%). Age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, employment status, having a source of usual care, insurance status, comorbidities, locus of control, and constipation severity were associated with seeking care (P less then 0.05). Overall, 47.8% of respondents were taking medication to manage their constipation over-the-counter medication(s) only, 93.5%; prescription medication(s) only, 1.3%; and both over-the-counter medication(s) and prescription medication(s), 5.2%. DISCUSSION We found that 3 of 5 Americans with constipation have never discussed their symptoms with a healthcare provider. Furthermore, the use of prescription medications for managing constipation symptoms is low because individuals mainly rely on over-the-counter therapies.A cost-utility analysis in the current issue of AJG examines the ramifications of the overuse of surveillance endoscopy in Barrett's esophagus (BE). This study suggests that excess surveillance is expensive, increasing costs by 50% or more, with only nominal increases in quality-adjusted life expectancy. This study joins a growing literature of cost-utility analyses that suggest that more is not likely better when it comes to surveillance endoscopy. Given the plentiful literature showing overutilization of surveillance endoscopy in BE, the authors argue for a focus on the quality of endoscopy rather than increased frequency of surveillance to improve returns on our healthcare investment.We report a case of a 4-year-old Brazilian boy, who presented with an erythematous and painful nodule involving the skin of his left arm. Immunohistochemistry was performed for S100, SOX10, CD34, desmin, SMA, HMB-45, CD1a, and CD163, and fluorescence in situ hybridization for EWSR1 gene rearrangement using a break-apart probe was completed. Immunohistochemistry showed bland spindle cells with "floret-like" appearance simulating a giant cell fibroblastoma; tumor cells were positive for S100 and SOX10; neoplastic cells were negative for CD34, desmin, SMA, HMB-45, CD1a, and CD163; and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed an EWSR1 gene rearrangement. We report the youngest known case of cutaneous involvement of clear cell carcinoma at the age of 4.Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. The primary stage of the disease (the chancre) mainly involves the genital areas. Extragenital areas are involved in 5%-14% of cases, many of which occur in the oral cavity. Among the extragenital locations, the lip is the most frequent; however, despite this, published cases of the chancre of the lip are few. We present a case of a chancre presenting on the lip of a nonimmunocompromised 55-year-old male patient with immunohistochemical confirmation.BACKGROUND Conditional survival (CS) is a relevant prognostic measure and may be particularly important for young adult patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), whose incidence is rising. We sought to compare CS among young versus older adults with CRC. METHODS Patients diagnosed with CRC between 2004 and 2010 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. Smoothed yearly hazards of death due to CRC, other causes and any cause were estimated, stratified by age at diagnosis (below 50 vs. 50 y and above) and stage (I-III vs. IV). Stage-specific conditional 5-year overall survival and cancer-specific survival given that patients had already survived 1 to 5 years after diagnosis was calculated. RESULTS Among 161,859 patients with median follow-up of 54 months, 35,411 (21.9%) were aged below 50 years. For older adults with nonmetastatic CRC, hazards of death due to noncancer causes exceeded that of rectal and colon cancer ∼6.1 and 3.8 years after diagnosis, respectively. Patients experienced improved CS over time with greater improvement seen for more advanced stages.
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