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Artificial intelligence as well as diabetes mellitus technologies: An overview.
In general, deteriorations of olfaction were seen due to 'vascular-concussion' effect in early postoperative phase where post-surgical clearance of airway showed minimal effect in terms of improvement. The hypervascularity of olfactory epithelium with possible hormonal effects may be responsible for the unique pattern of olfactory function and recovery in JNA.Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular chromatin decorated with antimicrobial proteins, formed by neutrophils to entrap pathogens. NETs have been implicated in the generation of autoimmune reactions. Here, we investigate the reactivity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) serum antibodies with NETs and explore whether anti-NET antibodies (ANETA) have a potential as biomarker in RA. To quantify ANETA, we developed an ELISA with NETs isolated from stimulated human neutrophils and verified the results by immunofluorescence staining of NETs. read more ANETA were detected in 22%-69% of RA sera. No significant differences were observed in the reactivity of RA sera with NETs originating from RA patients and healthy control neutrophils, nor with NETs induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or the calcium ionophore A23187. ANETA were detected already at baseline in newly diagnosed RA patients and both increased and decreased levels were observed in samples with a median follow-up of 7 years. By ANETA ELISA, we showed that ANETA are also present in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (36%), Sjögren's syndrome (76%) and scleroderma (61%). In addition to antibodies to NETs, also the presence of NETs or NET fragments in RA sera was determined using a sandwich ELISA. Elevated levels of NETs or NET fragments were detected in 32% of the sera. To assess the potency of ANETA as a biomarker in RA, we compared ANETA positivity with other clinical features. The presence of ANETA was significantly higher in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive patients, but did not correlate with anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), nor with the presence of NET fragments in serum. In addition, no correlation was observed with age, gender, onset of the disease, disease activity and inflammatory markers. These findings suggest that ANETA may be an independent biomarker in RA and possibly also in other autoimmune diseases.Introduction Adequate sampling by endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-transbronchial needle aspiration to meet the demands of precision medicine or histologic evaluation is challenging. There is increasing demand for core biopsy specimens with advances in therapy. Franseen enodoscopic ultrasound needles have shown promising results in gastroenterology application for obtaining core biopsies and same design has recently been extended for pulmonary use. We evaluated Franseen needles with EBUS to assess its utility, safety and ability to provide core biopsy specimens. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis of our database at the University of Utah of patients undergoing EBUS with a Franseen needle was performed to ascertain the performance characteristics of this needle in the first 100 patients after its implementation. Medical records were also reviewed to identify any immediate procedure-related complications. Results One hundred seventy locations were sampled in 100 patients. A total of 152 lymph nodes and 18 masses were sampled. Core biopsies, as per pathology report, were seen in 87% of patients. A clinically concordant pathological diagnosis was established in 97% of patients. Diagnostic yield for granulomatous lymphadenopathy was 95.6% (22 of 23). No patient-related adverse events were noted. Conclusion The Franseen needle evaluated in this study can safely procure core tissue samples during EBUS bronchoscopy that are adequate for histopathological diagnosis in benign and malignant lesions. Its ability to provide adequate tissue in patients with granulomatous inflammation is encouraging.Purpose Urinary tract infection (UTI) are very common in the general population, however it is unclear whether UTI is a risk factor of prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Our purposes were (1) To determine whether UTI is a risk factor of PJI after joint replacement, and (2) to determine whether the microorganisms causing PJI and UTI are the same. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched systematically for studies. The effect sizes of RR were calculated for included studies that reported raw counts with 95% CIs. The aim 1 of the study is a meta-analysis; the aim 2 is a systematic review. Results The aim 1 indicated that the risk of PJI was significantly higher in the UTI group than in the control group (RR = 3.17; 95% CI, 2.19-4.59). The aim 2 indicated that the microorganisms of UTI and PJI were the same in the same patient, and these included Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas, which supports the theory of PJI occurring via the haematogenous route from the genitourinary tract that harbours bacteria in UTI. Conclusion This study identified UTI as being significantly associated with PJI after joint arthroplasty and PJI occurring via the haematogenous route from the genitourinary tract harbouring bacteria in UTI. Therefore, postponing surgery and even treating patients with known UTI preoperatively are recommended.Background Factors to sensory change on the neck and chest after endoscopic thyroidectomy were not well studied. The aim of this study was to assess whether preservation of the supraclavicular nerve (SCN) could make a difference. Methods 33 cases with the SCN preserved (Group A) and 32 cases with the SCN damaged (Group B) were recruited. Evaluation of tactile sensitivity and pain sensitivity as well as a questionnaire concerning subjective symptoms and quality of life was also administered preoperatively and postoperatively. Results Sensation in the anterior chest of Group A had milder loss and reached preoperative level within the 1-year follow-up while that of Group B still showed deficit beneath the clavicle. Group A also had smaller proportion of numbness, symptomatic extension, psychological impact in early postoperative time. Conclusion Protection of the SCN can improve sensation recovery in the anterior chest and enhance the quality of life after surgery.
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