Notes

Apoptosis associated with hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cellular material activated by simply seleno-ovalbumin (Se-OVA) through mitochondrial process.
Tualang honey (TH) is a Malaysian multifloral jungle honey. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of studies published in medical databases regarding its potential health benefits. The study aimed to investigate the effect of TH against
and
.

The effect of TH on both bacteria was investigated using MIC, MBC, growth curve, time-kill curve, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and RT-qPCR.

The MIC of TH against
and
was 18.5% (w/v) and 13% (w/v) respectively and MBC was 25% (w/v) for both bacteria. Spectrophotometric readings of at least 90% inhibition yielded MIC
values of TH, 18.5% (w/v) and 15% (w/v) for
and
respectively. A time-kill curve demonstrated a bactericidal with a 4-log reduction estimated within 8 hours. Using SEM, loss of structural integrity and marked changes in cell shape were observed. RT-qPCR analysis showed that TH reduced the pattern of gene expression in both bacteria, with a trend toward reduced expression of the virulence genes of interest.

This study suggests that TH could potentially be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for microbial infection particularly against these two organisms.
This study suggests that TH could potentially be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for microbial infection particularly against these two organisms.
The microbial contamination of wastewater is associated with health risks. The aim of this study was to use the autochthonous
potential to prey Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria as a bio-control agent to treat urban wastewater.

Thirty-six raw sewage samples were collected for isolation of
. Double layer plaque assay was used for isolation and the isolates were identified by microscopic examination and molecular analysis. To evaluate the predatory potential for decrease number of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, plaque perdition assay, reduction in host cells viability by colony-forming unit (CFU) counting, reduction in optical density (OD) in co-cultures and assay of killing efficiency were carried out. Also, the raw wastewater was treated by
then the reduction in CFU counting and reduction in OD was evaluated.

Four strains of
were isolated and were registered in Gene Bank. Clear plaques were observed after 3-6 days of incubation for all prey cells. The CFU enumerations of all preys were decreased after 48 hrs in co-cultures and raw wastewater. Also, OD was decreased down to 0.2 nm after 48 hrs.

These autochthonous
strains are proposed to use for bio-control of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in wastewater and reuse it for irrigation in arid regions.
These autochthonous Bdellovibrio strains are proposed to use for bio-control of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in wastewater and reuse it for irrigation in arid regions.
Waste water from abattoirs could harbour bacteria some of which are pathogenic. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the quality of wastewater from some abattoirs in Ilorin, Nigeria.

The counts of viable bacteria, total coliform, faecal coliform, enterococci,
and
spp. of the wastewater was determined using selective media. The sanitary condition appraisal, antibiotic susceptibility test and plasmid profile of the isolates were assessed using standard methods.

The highest count of viable bacteria and total coliform obtained were 9.0 × 10
and 3.0 × 10
CFU/ml respectively. Faecal coliform and enterococcal count had the same highest value of 3.0 × 10
CFU/ml. The highest count of pathogenic bacteria
and
spp. were 2.5 × 10
, 1.9 × 10
and 3.0 × 10
CFU/ml respectively. Cremophor EL mouse The abattoirs sanitary scores ranged from 28.6-57.1%. The isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index ranging from 0.5-1.0. Plasmid curing with 0.1 mg/ml of acridine orange solution led to reduction in the MAR index of most of the Gram negative bacteria.
was susceptible to all the antibiotics while
was resistant to all the antibiotics after curing. Most of the Gram negative bacteria isolated belong to the families
and
while the Gram positive bacteria belong to the families
and


It was concluded from this study that wastewaters from the abattoirs were contaminated by bacteria with high MAR index. Most of these bacteria borne their antibiotic resistant factors in their plasmid.
It was concluded from this study that wastewaters from the abattoirs were contaminated by bacteria with high MAR index. Most of these bacteria borne their antibiotic resistant factors in their plasmid.
The aim of present study was to evaluate the prevalence of
and
, characterization and antimicrobial resistance of their serotypes and genotyping profiles in fresh beef and poultry meats marketed in Zanjan, Iran.

A total of 90 (45 chicken and 45 beef) samples were collected from January to June 2018 focusing on retail meat stores of Zanjan city, Iran. Foodborne pathogen detection and antimicrobial resistance of isolates performed by PCR and disc diffusion methods, respectively. Simplex PCR method was used for screening
and
genes in
and
isolates, respectively.

Findings revealed high contamination in beef and chicken meats with
(68.89% and 88.89%, respectively) and
(53.33% and 46.67%, respectively). The most likelihood of
isolates belonged to
13479 serotype. All
isolates from beef and chicken meat samples had high similarity with serotypes
strain NCTC 10357 and strain MF 4545, respectively. Multi drug resistance (MDR) was seen in both
and
isolates.

This study shows an insight of the current status of beef and chicken meat contamination maketed in Zanjan, Iran with
and
isolates (high contamination rate), their genotypic profile, epidemiological relationship and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that should be considered as a significant public health concern in Zanjan, Iran.
This study shows an insight of the current status of beef and chicken meat contamination maketed in Zanjan, Iran with E. coli and L. monocytogenes isolates (high contamination rate), their genotypic profile, epidemiological relationship and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that should be considered as a significant public health concern in Zanjan, Iran.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cremophor-el.html