Notes

Minimal Oxygen Lug Floor by way of Multilayer Ordered Riblets.
Nanofluids (Nfs) are considered as an effective working media in different thermal processes. Over the years, much attention has been paid to the problem of nanoparticle stability in base fluids in an unconfined area of research, especially in the field of thermal applications. There is still concern about the stability of nanoparticles and their effects on the transport properties and thermal performance in thermal systems. In the present paper, the transport properties and thermal behavior of ethylene glycol-water/rm SiO_2 binary Nfs are investigated in two sections, considering the effect of particle stability and size growth. The first section covering the experimental work, which includes the preparation and characterization of the Nfs where different percentages of base fluids at different pH values are used for this purpose. The characterization of the Nfs explains the effect of the zeta potential on the particle size distribution and the hydrodynamic diameter of suspended particles. The second sectng Ltd.Antireflection (AR) film is a widely used technology to enhance the performance of photovoltaic device that necessitate transparent electrodes in the photovoltaic industry. At present, several AR films including monolayer MgF2 or multilayered composite films, textured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and porous SiO2 have been successfully applied due to their excellent properties. Nevertheless, all of the above-mentioned AR films have some minor drawbacks to be overcome, for instance, the cost or thermal durability. Herein we report a cost-effective and low-temperature method to fabricate a mesoporous aluminum oxide (meso-Al2O3) layer as the AR coating with high thermal durability, which will meet the fabrication condition of various photovoltaic devices. Briefly, the process begins at magnetron sputtering a compact Al2O3 film showing no AR effect, followed by a hot water treatment at 80 °C to turn the compact film to a mesoporous film with graded-index and AR effect. The application of meso-Al2O3 AR film enhances the maximum transmittance of our laboratory used fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) from 84% to 89%, which is well agreement with our theoretical simulation named grading index approximation. Taking perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as an example, planar PSCs with meso-Al2O3 AR film deliver a champion PCE of 21.5%, which is higher than that of cells without meso-Al2O3 AR film (20.9%). © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Carbon-ion beams are increasingly used in the clinical practice for external radiotherapy treatments of deep-seated tumors. At therapeutic energies, carbon ions yield significant secondary products, including neutrons, which may be concerning for the radiation protection of the patient and personnel. We simulated the neutron yield produced by protons and carbon-ion pencil beams impinging on a clinical phantom at three different angles 15o, 45o, and 90o, with respect to the beam axis. We validated the simulated results using the measured response of organic scintillation detectors. We compared the results obtained with FLUKA 2011.2 and MCNPX 2.7.0 based on three different physics models Bertini, Isabel, and CEM. Over the different ions, energies, and angles, the FLUKA simulation results agree better with the measured data, compared to the MCNPX results. Simulations of carbon ions at low angles exhibit both the highest deviation from measured data and inter-model discrepancy, which is probably due to the different treatment of the pre-equilibrium stage. The reported neutron yield results could help in the comparison of carbon-ion and proton treatments in terms of secondary neutron production for radiation protection applications. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.Chinese scientists and researchers have a long history with electrical impedance tomography (EIT), which can be dated back to the 1980s'. No commercial EIT devices for chest imaging were available until the year 2014 when the first device received its approval from the China Food and Drug Administration. Ever since then, clinical research and daily applications started in the Chinese hospitals. Up to date (2019.11) 47 hospitals were equipped with 50 EIT devices. Twenty-three SCI publications are recorded and further 21 clinical trials are registered. Thoracic EIT is mainly used in patients before or after surgery, or in intensive care units (ICU). Application fields include the development of strategies for protective lung ventilation (e.g. tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration, recruitment, choice of ventilation mode and weaning from ventilator), regional lung perfusion monitoring, perioperative monitoring, and potential feedback for rehabilitation. The main challenges for promoting clinical use of EIT are the financial cost and the education of personnel. In this review, the past, present and future of EIT in China are introduced and discussed. Creative Commons Attribution license.AIMS The visual appearance of coronary thrombi may be clinically informative in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). However, subjective assessment is poorly reproducible and cannot provide an objective basis for treatment decisions or patient stratification. We have assessed the feasibility of a novel reflectance spectroscopy technique to systematically characterize coronary artery thrombi retrieved by aspiration during pPCI in patients with STEMI, and the clinical utility for predicting distal microvascular obstruction. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with STEMI treated with pPCI and thrombus aspiration (n=288) were recruited from the Oxford Acute Myocardial Infarction (OxAMI) Study. Selleck PF-6463922 Of these, 158 patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging within 48 hours for assessment of microvascular obstruction (MVO). Coronary thrombi were imaged by reflectance spectroscopy across wavelengths 500 to 800 nm. Spectral data were analysed using function fitting and multivariate models. The coefficient "cred" determined from the fitting procedure correlated with the visually-assessed colour of thrombi ("red" or "white") and with MVO. When applied to a reduced data set, consisting of spectra from 20 patients with the largest MVO and from 20 propensity-score-matched patients with no MVO, three multivariate analysis methods were able to discriminate spectra of thrombi from patients without MVO and with the largest MVO. CONCLUSIONS Reflectance spectral analysis of coronary thrombus provides new insights into the pathology of STEMI, with potential clinical implications for emergency patient care. Further studies are warranted for validation as a point-of-care stratification tool in predicting the degree of microvascular injury and clinical outcomes in STEMI. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.
My Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pf-06463922.html