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Genome-resolved metagenome and also metatranscriptome analyses of thermophilic recycling expose crucial microbe participants in addition to their metabolism interactions.
In conclusion, for the same 3D model, SLA enabled higher resolution and printing of smaller scales compared to results reported by FDM.This study investigates the interface bond strength and anchorage performance of steel bars within prefabricated concrete. Twenty-two specimens were designed and manufactured to study the interface bond behavior of deformed and plain steel bars under a larger cover thickness. Diameter of steel bars, strength grade of concrete, and anchorage length were considered influential factors. The finite element method (ABAQUS) was used for the validation of experimental results. The interface bond's failure mechanism and the anchorage length in the prefabricated concrete under different concrete strength levels were explored and compared to national and international codes. A suitable value of the basic anchoring length for the prefabricated structure was recommended. The results show that the interface bond strength of prefabricated bridge members is directly proportional to the strength grade of the concrete, inversely proportional to the reinforcement diameter, and less related to anchorage length. The effect of the cover thickness of the surrounding concrete is negligible. Conversely, the bearing capacity of prefabricated bridge members depends on the strength of the concrete, the diameter of the steel bar, and the anchorage length. Furthermore, it is concluded that the mechanical bond strength accounts for 88% of the bond strength within prefabricated concrete.Compact-tension (CT) specimens made of low alloy 30CrMo steels were hydrogen-charged, and then subjected to the fracture toughness test. The experimental results revealed that the higher crack propagation and the lower crack growth resistance (CTOD-R curve) are significantly noticeable with increasing hydrogen embrittlement (HE) indexes. Moreover, the transition in the microstructural fracture mechanism from ductile (microvoid coalescence (MVC)) without hydrogen to a mixed quasi-cleavage (QC) fracture and QC + intergranular (IG) fracture with hydrogen was observed. The hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) mechanism was characterized as the dominant HE mechanism. According to the experimental testing, the coupled problem of stress field and hydrogen diffusion field with cohesive zone stress analysis was employed to simulate hydrogen-assisted brittle fracture behavior by using ABAQUS software. Selleck QX77 The trapezoidal traction-separation law (TSL) was adopted, and the initial TSL parameters from the best fit to the load-displacement and J-integral experimental curves without hydrogen were calibrated for the critical separation of 0.0393 mm and the cohesive strength of 2100 MPa. The HEDE was implemented through hydrogen influence in the TSL, and to estimate the initial hydrogen concentration based on matching numerical and experimental load-line displacement curves with hydrogen. The simulation results show that the general trend of the computational CTOD-R curves corresponding to initial hydrogen concentration is almost the same as that obtained from the experimental data but in full agreement, the computational CTOD values being slightly higher. Comparative analysis of numerical and experimental results shows that the coupled model can provide design and prediction to calculate hydrogen-assisted fracture behavior prior to extensive laboratory testing, provided that the material properties and properly calibrated TSL parameters are known.The erbium-vanadium co-doped borate glasses, embedded with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), were prepared to improve their optical properties for potential optical fiber and glass laser application. The borate glasses with composition (59.5-x) B2O3-20Na2O-20CaO-xV2O5-Er2O3-0.5AgCl (x = 0-2.5 mol%) were successfully prepared by conventional melt-quenching method. The structural properties of glass samples were investigated by XRD, TEM and by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy while optical properties were carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy by measuring optical absorption and the emission properties were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples whilst the FTIR confirmed the presence of VO4, VO5, BO3 and BO4 vibrations. UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra reveal eight bands which were located at 450, 490, 519, 540, 660, 780, 980, and 1550 nm corresponding to transition of 4F5/2, 4F7/2, 2H11/2, 4S3/2, 4F9/2, 4I9/2, 4I11/2, and 4I13/2, respectively. The optical band gap (Eopt), Urbach energy and refractive index were observed to decrease, increase and increase, respectively, to the addition of vanadium. Under 800 nm excitation, three emission bands were observed at 516, 580 and 673 nm, which are represented by 2H11/2-4I15/2, 4S3/2-4I15/2 and 4F15/2-4I15/2, respectively. The excellent features of achieved results suggest that our findings may provide useful information toward the development of functional glasses.This paper aims to experimentally investigate the effects of high volume cement replacement of blast furnace slag (BFS) on the bond, strength and durability of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Concrete mixtures were prepared containing 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% and 75% BFS with each of recycled aggregate and natural aggregate. Measurements of the compressive and bond strength, the resistance to chloride-ion penetration and the water permeability of concrete are reported. In addition, a microhardness test was also performed to evaluate the quality of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in concrete. Test results of the bond strength and the compressive strength of RAC mixtures, in spite of the cement replacement amount with BFS, show that the concretes result in reduced strength when compared to natural aggregate concrete (NAC) mixtures, while the strength gains for the BFS-based concrete are higher than that of the reference mixtures without BFS at long-term ages. Incorporating BFS in concrete can inherently improve the durability properties by increasing higher resistance to chloride-ion penetration and lower water permeability. This improvement in the mechanical and durability properties of the BFS-based RAC mixture may be due to the additional pozzolanic reaction of BFS, which enhances the properties of ITZ in concrete, resulting in an improvement of the strength of concrete.
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