Notes

DNA hypomethylation results in cGAS-induced autoinflammation in the skin color.
In addition, it has been shown that SARS-CoV‑2 can directly infect the placenta, so vertical transmission is possible.There is no COVID-19 specific pattern of placental alterations, although the detection of fetal thrombovasculitis, villitis, and intervillositis as well as fetal and maternal malperfusion could be best interpreted as the signature of SARS-CoV‑2 infection - considering the known pathophysiology of COVID-19 regarding other organs (inflammatory reaction and [micro]angiopathy). Detection of viral RNA in the fetal placental tissue and the umbilical cord indicates SARS-CoV‑2 vertical transmission.Gorham Stout disease (GSD) is a rare disease characterized by the proliferation of endothelial lined vessels and replacement of bone by fibrous tissue. The main imaging features are progressive osteolysis and cortical resorption. Temporal bone involvement is rare but presents as a destructive bone lesion that may be misinterpreted as more common lytic processes in the pediatric population, such as infection or Langerhans cell histiocytosis. GSD of the temporal bone is associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, may present with otorrhea, and can mimic other causes of ear drainage. Here, we report the clinical course, imaging features, and outcomes of a 3-year-old girl with GSD of the temporal bone presenting with CSF leak initially attributed to infection.Choledochal cysts are a rare pediatric biliary pathology. Excision of the extrahepatic cyst and restoration of biliary-enteric continuity through either hepaticoduodenostomy (HD) or Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) is the mainstay treatment. This study aims to determine if either method provides an advantage. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted, identifying studies comparing hepaticojejunostomy to hepaticoduodenostomy in patients with choledochal cysts. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. Nine studies were included, operative time was shorter - 97.50 [- 172.31, - 22.69] p = 0.01 and bleeding reduced - 48.98 [- 88.25, - 9.71] p = 0.01 in HD. DFMO HD was associated with shorter length of stay 2.18 [- 3.87, - 0.50] p = 0.01 and similar cholangitis and reintervention rates. Time to a normal diet was similar between groups. Biliary reflux was seen more frequently in HD 19.14 [2.60, 140.63] p = 0.004. Complications such as leak and cholangitis were similar between groups. HD represents a viable alternative to HJ with various advantages such as shorter operative time, decreased bleeding and shorter length of hospital stay. Bile reflux remains a major limitation.Level of evidence IV.
Under the assumption that acertain degree of degeneration is normal in old age, the changes that significantly lead to discomfort should be identified. Care should be taken to ensure that the geriatric patient receives adequate treatment and can quickly return to anormal pain-free life.

Aprospective study was performed on symptomatic outpatients who came for a magnetic resonance (MR) examination of the spine. The presence of spinal stenosis, osteochondrotic and spondylarthrotic changes and nerve root affections were assessed. Abrief interview was conducted to assess impairment of daily life, duration of symptoms until contact with the physician, and resulting impairment. The results were correlated with age, the groups of patients under and over 65years of age, and the pain score.

Age is significantly positively correlated with facet joint arthrosis, spinal stenosis, osteochondrotic changes and intraforaminal nerve root affection. There is no significant correlation between the pain score and age. The pain score shows significant correlation to nerve root affection, facet joint osteoarthritis and spinal constriction. The duration of pain until avisit to the treating physician is significantly shorter in older patients, while the impairments in everyday life are significantly more pronounced under the existing back pain.

Age itself is not correlated with pain perception. Isolated features such as nerve root affection and facet joint arthrosis show apositive correlation with the pain. The older patient goes to the doctor more quickly because the back pain is perceived as arestriction of daily life.
Age itself is not correlated with pain perception. Isolated features such as nerve root affection and facet joint arthrosis show a positive correlation with the pain. The older patient goes to the doctor more quickly because the back pain is perceived as a restriction of daily life.
Experiencing war is amajor trigger for physical and mental health problems. People in the German population who are currently over 80years of age experienced the Second World War (WWII) as children or adolescents, at atime when psychological vulnerability is high. Empirical results show that positive subjective well-being (SWB) and valuation of life (VoL) in older cohorts are widespread; however, when confronted with existential age-associated changes, many older adults experience increased burden, sometimes bringing biographical vulnerabilities to the forefront. This study investigated SWB and VoL in the very old and examined the influence of negative WWII experiences on these outcomes.

Cross-sectional data from the "Survey on quality of life and subjective well-being of the very old in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW80+)" are presented. Multiple regression models, adjusted for gender, age, physical health, and full inpatient care, were computed to assess the impact of suffering from the effects of WWII traumatic experiences on SWB and VoL.

Over 13% spontaneously reported suffering from the effects of WWII events and an additional 29% reported negative experiences when explicitly asked about them. Multiple regression models showed elevated depression scores for participants suffering from the effects of WWII traumatic events. No association with positive affect was found. Suffering from the effects of WWII traumatic events did not influence VoL engagement with life or VoL optimism.

Many very old adults still seem to struggle with the repercussions of WWII traumatic experiences. Future studies could further examine if the missing association with positive affect and VoL is asign of resilience.
Many very old adults still seem to struggle with the repercussions of WWII traumatic experiences. Future studies could further examine if the missing association with positive affect and VoL is a sign of resilience.
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