Notes

Genomic epidemiology of an densely tried COVID-19 episode throughout Tiongkok.
Globally, Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death. In Nepal, poverty and malnutrition aggravate the burden of TB. To identify
putum is the best sample to identify the bacterium which is helpful for diagnosis. The aim of this study is to identify the situation, burden and challenges of pulmonary tuberculosis in low-middle income country like Nepal.

A retrospective-audit with reliable-secondary-data of one year was collected (n=4131). Descriptive-analysis was performed using frequency, percentage and analytical using chi-square-test. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. Ethical Approval was obtained from IRC-PAHS.

The prevalence of notified/suspected cases was highest among the patients having >60years of age 1344(32.54%) and least among the patients with ≤15years of age 239(5.79%). The male had 1.67 times more smear-positive pulmonary TB cases. Among the AFB-positive cases, smear 3+ was seen in most of the cases 69(38.54%) followed by smear 1+ and smear 2+ in 56(31.28%) and 54(30.16%) respectively.

The prevalence of smear-positive pulmonary TB case is higher in male. Smear 3+ is seen in most of the followed by smear 1+ and smear 2+. The Burden of Pulmonary TB is more among adult and old-age-people and its control is a challenge for developing and low-middle income countries like Nepal.
The prevalence of smear-positive pulmonary TB case is higher in male. SW-100 cell line Smear 3+ is seen in most of the followed by smear 1+ and smear 2+. The Burden of Pulmonary TB is more among adult and old-age-people and its control is a challenge for developing and low-middle income countries like Nepal.
People with mental illness have worse physical health and reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. Nevertheless, their medical care is often insufficient. The present study aimed to investigate the somatic status of people with mental illness with a focus on somatic diagnoses, metabolic risk factors, regular somatic care, and routine check-ups.

This study used a 14-item questionnaire to survey the somatic care situation of psychiatric university hospital patients. Main survey topics were psychiatric and somatic diagnoses, metabolic risk factors, regular somatic care, and routine check-ups.

Four-hundred and thirty-five people with mental illness (48.3% male, mean age 45.4 years) were included. More than three quarters of the participating people with mental illness had access to a general practitioner. People with affective and anxiety disorders reported significantly more contact with medical specialists for somatic diseases, but schizophrenic patients did not receive enough care. Notl as a suboptimal communication between the treating psychiatrist and the referring general practitioner. Increasing awareness of somatic diseases in psychiatric patients and easier access to somatic care have to be implemented in psychiatric clinical routine. The risk of stigmatization in somatic institutions and the lack of self-care management in people with mental illness are complicating factors.
To find out the proportion of children with poor symptom control in overweight/obese and normal weight children with mild persistent asthma and to know the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of poor symptom control in them.

Children aged 6 to 12 years with mild persistent asthma with BMI
score for age and sex more than +1
score on WHO BMI
score chart for age and sex formed the cases. Age- and sex-matched asthmatics with BMI
score for age and sex between -2
and +1
score formed the controls. FEV1, FEV1/FVC were measured in both groups using Care Fusion Jaeger spirometer. Symptom control was assessed by ACT score. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 19 and Vassarstats.

The proportion of children with poor control was 19.1% in the overweight/obese group and 23.4% in the normal weight group. There was no significant correlation between BMI and symptom control as assessed by the ACT score. Overweight/obese children with good control showed a slightly lower FEV1/FVC ratio and higher median eosinophil count compared to children with normal weight. Gastroesophageal reflux and allergic rhinitis were more commonly seen in overweight/obese children. In the poor control group, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and median eosinophil counts were not significantly different between overweight/obese and normal weight group but were less when compared to good control group.

The proportion of poor symptom control was not high in overweight/obese asthmatic children compared to normal weight asthmatic children. No significant risk factors for poor symptom control could be identified in our study for either of the groups.
The proportion of poor symptom control was not high in overweight/obese asthmatic children compared to normal weight asthmatic children. No significant risk factors for poor symptom control could be identified in our study for either of the groups.
Thrombolytic therapy is widely used to treat acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. As intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication of this therapy, monitoring the fibrinolytic and coagulation systems is imperative. However, existing studies on plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) mostly apply the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The aim of this study is to establish the baseline of thrombolytic treatment for AIS patients; to monitor the fibrinolytic and coagulation system following alteplase administration; to ascertain the proper time point to predict intracerebral hemorrhage.

The method used to assess a patient's intravascular situation, namely chemiluminescence, was used to quantitatively assess the PIC, TAT, and thrombomodulin (TM). Immuno-turbidimetric was used to assess the concentration of D-dimer, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), and the Von Willebrand factor (vWF). The Clauss clotting method was used to assay the IV alteplase had no impact on the endothelium. Creating a patient's individual data curve could assist in the prediction of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and a stroke occurring.
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