Notes

D-dimer anticipates poor hospitalisation final results within individuals using antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis.
The cut-off value of the NLR for BV was 2.19, with 67.2% sensitivity and 63.8% specificity.

The present study demonstrated that NLR levels are elevated in bacterial vaginosis and NLR levels can be used as a reflection of systemic inflammatory response in vaginosis patients.
The present study demonstrated that NLR levels are elevated in bacterial vaginosis and NLR levels can be used as a reflection of systemic inflammatory response in vaginosis patients.
To describe the mode of presentation and frequency of external genital anomalies in disorder of sex development (DSD).

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Children Hospital & Institute of Child Health, Lahore from January to December, 2016 on Children with DSD above 10 years of age. A detailed history and physical examination were done. Positive findings were recorded on a predesigned proforma and analyzed by SPSS 21. Karyotyping on blood samples was done to determine their genetic sex.

Out of 83 DSD children, 67% (n=56) were assigned a female sex at birth of which 9% (n=5) had ambiguous genitalia. Male sex at birth was given to 33% (n=27) of which 96% (n=26) had genital ambiguity. Selleck CX-3543 Mode of presentation other than ambiguous genitalia were delayed puberty, amenorrhea, hirsuitism, gynaecomastia, cyclic hematuria etc. Clitoromegaly was the main finding in 62.5% (n=5) and micropenis in 45% (n=9). Karyotypic sex of 56 female sex of rearing was 46XX 80% (n=45), 45X0 13% (n=7), XXX 2% (n=1) and 46 XY in 5% (n=3). Karyotypic sex of 27 male sex of rearing was 46XY in 78% (n=21), 46XX in 15% (n=4) and 47XXY in 7% (n=2).

Disorders of sex development presented with a wide spectrum of external genital anomalies ranging from clitoromegaly in females to micropenis and hypospadias in males. There was also an extreme diversity in mode of presentation of these cases including pubertal delay, amenorrhea in females and gender confusion disorders.
Disorders of sex development presented with a wide spectrum of external genital anomalies ranging from clitoromegaly in females to micropenis and hypospadias in males. There was also an extreme diversity in mode of presentation of these cases including pubertal delay, amenorrhea in females and gender confusion disorders.
To identify the risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower limb in patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgeries, to provide a better understanding of DVT and take prophylactic measures.

This study was carried out in our hospital between January 2016 and February 2020, patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgeries were included and divided into DVT group and non-DVT group, and the medical data including basic demographics, clinical characteristics, operative data, and routine biochemical parameters were collected and analyzed.

In the current study, 390 cases were included, 48 cases were enrolled in DVT group and 342 in non-DVT group. The incidence of DVT was 12.3%. There were significant differences in age, hyperlipemia, hypertension, occupation type, D-dimer level, hospital stay, and postoperative exercises (p<0.05), but no significant differences in gender, smoking status, drinking status, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, fused segments, and operation time (p>0.05) between the two groups. In multivariate analysis, age>50 years, hypertension, D-dimer>500ug/L were independent risk factors, while postoperative exercises were protective factor for DVT.

Those patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgeries should take more prophylactic measures including postoperative exercises if they were elderly, or hypertensive, or have high D-dimer level, in order to decrease the incidence of DVT.
Those patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgeries should take more prophylactic measures including postoperative exercises if they were elderly, or hypertensive, or have high D-dimer level, in order to decrease the incidence of DVT.
To evaluate the diagnostic value of the rtRT-PCR test and CT in patients presenting with typical clinical symptoms of COVID-19.

The study with the participation of four center in Turkey was performed retrospectively from 20 March-15 April 2020 in 203 patients confirmed for COVID-19. The initial rtRT-PCR test was positive in 142 (70.0%) of the patients (Group-I) and negative in 61 patients (Group-II).

The mean age of the patients in Group-I was 49.7±18.0 years and the time between the onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital was 3.6±2.0 days; whereas the same values for the patients in Group-II were 58.1±19.9 and 5.3±4.2, respectively (p=0.004; p=0.026). Initial rtRT-PCR was found positive with 83.5% sensitivity and 74.1% PPV in patients with symptom duration of less than five days. It was found that rtRT-PCR positivity correlated negatively with the presence of CT findings, age, comorbidity, shortness of breath, and symptom duration, while rtRT-PCR positivity correlated positively with headache. n up measures of isolation in patients with newly beginning symptoms until the results are obtained from the PCR test.
Surgical patient mortality is progressively being measured for providing better management and care in different healthcare systems world-wide. The aim of this study was to assess mortality within a surgical department and to evaluate components associated with surgical and non- surgical deaths.

We retrospectively collected data including all admissions, both operative and non-operative, surgical procedures and reason of admission (for non-operative) and mortalities within three-year period (2015-2017) from Surgical Unit-2, JPMC Karachi. We assessed type of operations, admission, patient related factors including age, sex, co-morbid factors, reason, time and onset of presentation, operative notes, events, clinical cause and date/ time of death.

The total admissions of 5730 patients were observed in surgical ward-2 during the period of 1
of January 2015 and 31
of December 2017. There were a total of 291 deaths during this period (5.07% overall mortality rate). GIT related (peritonitis/ obstruction) (nce in mortality rate.
To find out medical students' perceptions and attitudes toward medical leadership and management (MLM).

A total of 336 medical students from the 2
to 6
academic years from King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), were included in this cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in January-February 2020. The students were asked about their perceptions, attitudes, and interests in the leadership of medical care and clinicians. A four-part questionnaire was used for collecting data. SPSS-21 was used for analysis.

The participants included 172 (51.2%) males and 164 (48.8%) females. In total, 105 (31.3%) participants agreed that they had been very well educated about their perception, behavior, and interest in the field of medical leadership and clinic management, and 175 (52.1%) students agreed that clinicians should influence management decisions in a healthcare setting. Overall, 167 (49.7%) students agreed that management/leadership skills are important for clinicians.
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