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Deadly bacterial snare: Cationic surface area for endodontic securing.
Copyright © 2020 M. Ryan Smith and Virginie A. Wurlod.Anemia postkidney transplantation is an important issue which has been correlated with increased hospitalizations and higher mortality. Infections, including those due to parvovirus B19, CMV, and BK virus (polyomavirus), have also been associated with an increased risk of anemia. Here, we present a case of new-onset anemia in a kidney transplant recipient within 3 months of transplant. The patient was found to have multiple viral infections from parvo B19, BK virus, and rhinovirus. The anemia resolved completely after successful reduction in the parvo B19 and BK viral load. Workup for viral infections must be considered in the differential diagnosis of postkidney transplant anemia. Copyright © 2020 Neeraj Sharma and Ranvir Bajwa.Introduction. TI17 Omental cysts are a part of cystic lymphangiomas and are benign proliferations of ectopic lymphatics without a communication with the normal lymphatic system. They commonly involve the neck in the pediatric population and are uncommon at other sites and occur rarely in adults. Case Presentation. A 42-year-old female with complaints of vague lower abdominal pain for 8 months presented with a soft, nontender swelling of size 22 × 18 cm in the hypogastrium and umbilical region. Computerized tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed a peripherally enhancing hypodense cystic lesion of size 19 × 14 × 12 cm perhaps arising from the mesentery. The cyst had spontaneously reduced in size by about 70% over the next 4 months. During surgery, the cyst of size 10 × 9 × 8 cm was present in the greater omentum. Excision was done, and histopathology was suggestive of cystic lymphangioma. Discussion. Cystic lymphangiomas have an incidence of 1/20000 at infancy and 1/100000 to 1/250000 of hospital admissions in adults, and the female-to-male ratio is 2  1. In adults, they are found in the age group between 40 and 70 years. Spontaneous regression of omental cysts is very rare and presumably from increased pressure in cysts overcoming incomplete obstructions or by establishment of alternative routes of drainage. Conclusion As the disease is essentially benign and if there are no significant pressure symptoms, the cysts of short duration can be watched further for regression. Long-standing, symptomatic cysts, nonregression, and diagnostic uncertainty will warrant surgery to confirm the diagnosis and relieve the symptoms. Copyright © 2020 Haraesh Maranna et al.Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer are becoming increasingly prevalent especially in developing countries. The occurrence of lung cancer after 30 years of completed pulmonary TB treatment is rare. We report a rare occurrence of a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the post TB lung after 30 years of completed pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. A 60-year-old male, an apparently healthy nonsmoker, presented with a community-acquired Klebsiella pneumonia. Imaging revealed a destroyed left lung with cavities with air-fluid levels. An enhancing lesion was noted at the left upper lobe, and a guided biopsy revealed a SCC. He was fit for surgery and underwent an open left pneumonectomy. The left lung was destroyed and cavitatory due to the previous tuberculosis. A peripherally located tumor was noted in the left upper lobe. Histology revealed a moderately differentiated keratinizing type SCC (pT4N0Mx). The negative cultures and histology excluded an active pulmonary tuberculosis. The postsurgical lung function at 1 month showed satisfactory improvement with good functional capacity. He was then referred to the oncologist for adjuvant therapy. The occurrence of post-TB lung cancer after 30 years in an otherwise healthy male without active TB suggests an increased long-term risk of cancer even in the absence of other robust risk factors. Therefore, the chronic inflammatory process in the diseased lung is probably the cause for lung cancer in the absence of active TB. Thus, we suggest long-term surveillance after completed pulmonary TB treatment even in otherwise healthy asymptomatic individuals. Copyright © 2020 Arulprashanth Arulanantham et al.Hydatid disease (HD) is caused by Echinococcus granulosus and is endemic in many parts of the world. This parasitic tapeworm can produce cysts in almost every organ of the body, with the liver and lung being the most frequently targeted organs. The spleen and mesentery are unusual locations. We report a case of simultaneous huge splenic and mesenteric hydatid cyst in a 91-year-old male patient. The patient was presented with chronic abdominal pain, increased frequency of defecation, and typical history of animal contact (cattle, sheep, and dogs). After performing imaging studies, he was diagnosed with a simultaneous huge spleen and pelvic mesentery hydatid cyst that was managed surgically by splenectomy, pelvic mesenteric cyst deroofing, and partial cystectomy. Copyright © 2020 Mostafa M. Abdelmaksoud et al.Abdominal cocoon syndrome (ACS), also called sclerosing encapsulated peritonitis, is a condition characterized by encapsulation of all or some of small bowel loops by a thick fibrous membrane. Etiologic cause is not fully known. It is among the rare causes of intestinal obstruction in adults. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and high suspicion is required. Diagnosis is generally made during laparotomy performed due to mechanical obstruction. In treatment of the condition, large scale surgical resections should be avoided. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate all clinical and radiological characteristics and surgical treatment of ACS in light of the literature through four patients operated in our clinic. Copyright © 2020 Ahmet Akbas et al.Introduction. Splenic artery aneurisms (SAA) are the third most common aneurysms, with reported incidences up to 10.4%. There is a higher prevalence in women, and most are incidental findings on imaging studies. Symptomatic or SAA larger than 20 mm and aneurysms in pregnant or in women of childbearing age are indications for surgery, because of the increased risk of rupture. Treatment options include endovascular, laparoscopic, and open surgical approaches. Presentation of Case. A 50-year-old female patient with nonspecific abdominal pain performed a computed tomography scan and angiography, which revealed a 24 × 20 × 19 mm SAA. After a multidisciplinary discussion, selective laparoscopic excision of the aneurysm was performed, with spleen preservation. Perioperative course was uneventful, and the patient remained asymptomatic. Discussion. A multidisciplinary discussion is of major importance in guaranteeing the optimal treatment for any given visceral aneurysm. Not all SAA are amenable to endovascular treatment, and laparoscopic surgery has mostly replaced open procedures.
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