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Non-Immunotherapy Using LNP-mRNA: Capitalizing on Effectiveness and also Safety.
Further, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, nutraceuticals, and dietary interventions has also been explained in the management of AD. It further describes different pharmacological and dietary interventions being used in treating and/or managing AD. Additionally, this article provides a thorough review of the literature for improving the therapeutic paradigm of AD. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that causes recurrent attacks of optic neuritis, myelitis, and brainstem symptoms, resulting in severe neurological disability. Preventive treatment with immunosuppressive agents reduces relapse rate and improves long-term prognosis. In recent years, the potential therapeutical effect of new agents have been investigated. Two of these, the antiinterleukin 6 (IL-6) agents tocilizumab and satralizumab, have been studied in active NMOSD. selleck chemicals OBJECTIVE To systematically review the current data regarding the efficacy and safety of anti-IL-6 agents in NMOSD. RESULTS Fourteen case reports and 5 case series of intravenous tocilizumab have shown beneficial clinical and paraclinical effects compared to commonly used therapies, and another case series of subcutaneous tocilizumab has shown it is as effective as the IV formulation. A phase 2 comparative trial has shown tocilizumab IV to be more effective than azathioprine for relapse prevention. A phase 3 trial ofsubcutaneoussatralizumab versus placebo, hasshown a lower risk of relapse in the sartralizumabtreated group, both as add-on therapy to stable immunosuppressant and as monotherapy. Tocilizumab also reduced pain severity in two trials and fatigue scores in one trial, but satralizumab did not significantly improve pain and fatigue. Adverse events with both agents were relatively mild and comparable to placebo and azathioprine. CONCLUSIONS The anti-Il-6 agents tocilizumab and satralizumab show promising results in active NMOSD. Further randomized, larger-scale trials are needed to better define the role of these agents in the growing arsenal of NMOSD treatments. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] is a polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric. Over the past years, it has acquired significant interest among researchers due to its numerous pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and so on. However, the clinical use of curcumin is still obstructed due to tremendously poor bioavailability, rapid metabolism, lower gastrointestinal absorption, and low permeability through cell that makes its pharmacology thrilling. These issues have led to an enormous surge of investigation to develop curcumin nanoformulations which can overcome these restrictive causes. The scientists all across the universe are working on designing several drug delivery systems viz. liposomes, micelles, magnetic nanocarriers, etc. for curcumin and its composites which not only improve its physicochemical properties but also enhanced its therapeutic applications. The review aims to systematically examine the treasure of information about the medicinal use of curcumin. This article delivers a general idea of the current study piloted to overwhelm the complications with the bioavailability of curcumin which have exhibited an enhanced biological activity than curcumin. This article explains the latest and detailed study of curcumin and its conjugates, its phytochemistry, and biological perspectives and also proved curcumin as an efficient drug candidate for the treatment of numerous diseases. Recent advancements and futuristic viewpoints are also deliberated which shall help researchers and foster commercial translations of improved nano-sized curcumin combination for the treatment of various diseases. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] available scientific literature regarding tanshinones is very abundant, and after its review, it is noticeable that most of the articles focus on the properties of tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIA, sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate and the dried root extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Tan-Shen). However, although these products have demonstrated important biological properties in both in vitro and in vivo models, their poor solubility and bioavailability have limited their clinical applications. For these reasons, many studies have focused on the search for new pharmaceutical formulations for tanshinones, as well as the synthesis of new derivatives that improve their biological properties. To provide new insights into the critical path ahead, we systemically reviewed the most recent advances (reported since 2015) on tanshinones in scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and Clinical Trials). With a broader perspective, we offer an update on the last five years of new research on these quinones, focusing in their synthesis, biological activity on noncommunicable diseases and drug delivery systems, to support future research on its clinical applications. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected], the scientific community across the globe generates huge data; for example more than 74 million substances are registered in Chemical Abstract Services. Another estimate tells that there is about 1060 molecules classified as new drug like molecules. This huge space is now refereed as 'dark chemical space' or 'dark chemistry'. Today one can see a surge in the number live databases (protein, cell, tissues, structure, drugs etc.) and every day these are updated with new information. So, the synchronization of the three different sciences 'genomics', proteomics' and 'in-silico simulation' is essential and it will revolutionize the process of drug discovery. Now, the screening of the large number of drug like molecules is a challenge and it should be done in an efficient manner. Virtual screening (VS) is an important computational tool in the drug discovery process, however the drugs are need to be verified experimentally at every stage. Amongst, the various VS methods, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis is the proven and accepted machine learning technique.
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