Notes

The role of subscapularis fix pursuing reverse neck arthroplasty: thorough evaluation and meta-analysis.
In this review, we described the different imaging aspects of endometriosis and adenomyosis to help the less experienced radiologist or gynecologist in the diagnosis and evaluation of those diseases.Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting 10% of women in reproductive age and manifested as infertility and pelvic pain, which may be severe and incapacitating. This review aims to address the latest evidence on the association of endometriosis with chronic stress, anxiety and depression, and to find out whether the effective treatment of endometriosis has the additional benefit of attenuating these psychological comorbidities. Studies have found that women with endometriosis, especially those with painful symptoms, have higher levels of stress and a decreased quality of life compared to healthy women. Importantly, depression and anxiety are more prevalent in women with endometriosis, and the presence of psychiatric disorders correlates more to the severity of the endometriosis-related pain than to other disease characteristics. Considering therapeutic implications, controlled clinical trials found that medical and surgical treatments of endometriosis also ameliorated perceived stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms. In conclusion, current evidence indicates that women with endometriosis have an increased prevalence of psychological disorders which correlate more with pain itself than with endometriosis per se. In addition, the effective treatment of endometriosis may reduce the psychological burden of the disease.
Endometriosis pathogenesis is still a matter of debate. It is now agreed that a complex cooperation of genetic, hormonal, immune and environmental factors is implicated. However, no consensus has been reached yet on what firstly is responsible for the initiation, promotion and survival of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Since consistent evidence have found immunological alterations in women with the disease, the impairment of immune system has been considered for decades one of the possible causes of endometriosis. The aim of this literature review is to summarize the available findings on a particular aspect of this topic represented by the inhibition of natural killer (NK) cell activity in women affected as a paradigmatic example of the complexity in studying the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

Advanced search of PubMed for English articles published between 1990 and September 2020 using the keywords "endometriosis" or "endometrioma" or "endometriotic" or "ectopic endometrium" in combination with "natural killer cells" (NK).

Consistent studies have found an impairment in NK cell activity in women with endometriosis especially in advanced stages of disease (stage III/IV). Reports to explain these findings support the phenomenon as a consequence of the disease establishment. Evidence from genetic studies have questioned the role of these dysfunctions in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Immunological dysfunctions and the decreased NK cell cytotoxicity may only represent consequence of endometriosis, although the underlining mechanisms still need to be elucidated.
Immunological dysfunctions and the decreased NK cell cytotoxicity may only represent consequence of endometriosis, although the underlining mechanisms still need to be elucidated.This review article summarizes 20 years of our research on hepatic stellate cells within the framework of two collaborative research centers CRC575 and CRC974 at the Heinrich Heine University. Over this period, stellate cells were identified for the first time as mesenchymal stem cells of the liver, and important functions of these cells in the context of liver regeneration were discovered. Furthermore, it was determined that the space of Disse - bounded by the sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes - functions as a stem cell niche for stellate cells. Essential elements of this niche that control the maintenance of hepatic stellate cells have been identified alongside their impairment with age. selleck chemicals llc This article aims to highlight previous studies on stellate cells and critically examine and identify open questions and future research directions.Despite substantial improvement in reducing maternal mortality during the recent decades, we constantly face tragic fact that maternal mortality (especially preventable deaths) is still unacceptably too high, particularly in the developing countries, where 99% of all maternal deaths worldwide occur. Poverty, lack of proper statistics, gender inequality, beliefs and corruption-associated poor governmental policies are just few of the reasons why decline in maternal mortality has not been as sharp as it was wished and expected. Education has not yet been fully recognized as the way out of poverty, improvement of women's role in the society and consequent better perinatal care and consequent lower maternal mortality. Education should be improved on all levels including girls, women and their partners, medical providers, religious and governmental authorities. Teaching the teachers should be also an essential part of global strategy to lower maternal mortality. This paper is mostly a commentary, not a systematic review nor a meta-analysis with the aim to rise attention (again) to the role of different aspects of education in lowering maternal mortality. The International Academy of Perinatal Medicine should play a crucial role in pushing the efforts on this issue as the influential instance that promotes reflection and dialog in perinatal medicine, especially in aspects such as bioethics, the appropriate use of technological advances, and the sociological and humanistic dimensions of this specific problem of huge magnitude. The five concrete steps to achieve these goals are listed and discussed.
The quality of clinical laboratory service depends on quality laboratory operations and accurate test result interpretation based on reference intervals (RIs). As new analytical systems continue to be developed and improved, previously established RIs must be verified. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) has established comprehensive RIs for many biomarkers on several analytical systems. Here, published CALIPER RIs for 28 chemistry assays on the Abbott ARCHITECT were assessed for verification on the newer Alinity system.

An analytical validation was first completed to assess assay performance. CALIPER serum samples (100) were analyzed for 28 chemistry assays on the Alinity system. The percentage of results falling within published pediatric ARCHITECT reference and confidence limits was determined for each analyte. Based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, if≥90% of test results fell within confidence limits of ARCHITECT assay RIs, they were considered verified.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gbd-9.html