Notes

The hemogenic endothelium: a critical source for your technology involving PSC-derived hematopoietic come as well as progenitor cells.
The present study investigated relationships between age, body composition and performance in elite male ice hockey players.

199 players performed off-ice tests (countermovement jump height (CMJ) and body composition) and on-ice tests (5-10-5 Pro Agility test, 30-m sprint test and the maximal Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Ice Hockey test (Yo-Yo IR1-IHMAX) for assessment of aerobic capacity.

No overall correlations between age and performance were present except small-moderate positive associations between age and body-and muscle mass (r=0.24-0.30, ≤0.05). The youngest age group (YOU; 18-21 years) were 4-9% lighter than all other age groups and possessed 7% less muscle mass compared to the oldest players (OLD; 30-33 years) (p≤0.05), whereas no differences were present in body fat percentage. OLD were 2-3% inferior to the second youngest (SEC; 22-25 years) and mid-age group (MID; 26-29 years) in sprint and agility performance in addition to a 6-10% lower CMJ height (p≤0.05). The younger age groups differed ower are the most critical parameters differing between young and old ice hockey players.
Ultra running is popular among youth athletes (< 19 years of age), with an exponential increase in participation over the last years. If running extreme distances during such a young age has implications in adulthood is currently unknown.

We performed a retrospective survey study investigating adults that participated in ultra endurance running as youth athletes, describing running history, health and social data. Seventyeight participants (mean age of 38.0±12.0) completed the survey.

Most participants were male (83.3%), white Caucasians (92.3%), originated from the USA (89.7%), were married (57.7%), with no children (52.6%), and had a university degree (79.5%). Age at first ultra was 16.1 years (± 2.3), with an average number of 3.7 ultras (± 5.5), predominantly over 50 km (1.5 ± 3.3) and 50 miles (1.21 ± 2.0). Musculoskeletal injuries occurred in 23.1% of youth athletes, and stress fractures in 6.4%. The main reason to stop running ultras were injuries (28.6%). The majority (93.6%) of youth athletes continued running into adulthood; however only 26.9% continued running ultras. Training load was significantly (p<0.001) reduced from 57.4±33.2 km/w in youth athletes to 30.1±36.8 km/w in adulthood. High risk of exercise addiction was observed in 11.5%.

Most participants reported positive effects from running ultras as youth athletes (69.2%), but only 20.5% would recommend youth athletes participation in ultras. It may be prudent to be cautious about allowing general participation of youth athletes in ultra running until further evidence of its long-term effects on health and safety is available.
Most participants reported positive effects from running ultras as youth athletes (69.2%), but only 20.5% would recommend youth athletes participation in ultras. It may be prudent to be cautious about allowing general participation of youth athletes in ultra running until further evidence of its long-term effects on health and safety is available.
Sports-related concussions (SRC) and closed head injuries (CHI) have recently garnered national attention given mounting concern for long-term neurological sequelae resulting from repetitive head trauma. Despite historically dangerous techniques in wrestling that involve impacts to the head, there is a paucity of epidemiologic data in regard to wrestling-related concussions (WRCs) in the United States (USA).

The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried (2000-2018) to report national estimates and demographic characteristics of patients 6-25 years of age presenting to US emergency departments (EDs) with WRCs and CHIs.

The average annual number of patients presenting to US EDs with WRCs or CHIs was 3465 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2489-4441). Over one-third of patients were between 15 (17.7%; 95% CI 15.8%-19.7%) and 16 (17.0%; 95% CI 14.9%-19.1%) years of age, which comprised the peak age groups during which such head injuries were sustained. The vast majority of patients were male (96.3%; 95% CI 94.8%-97.7%). Lastly, 6.2% (95% CI 4.3-8.2%) of patients did not present to the ED on the same day that the injury was sustained.

Due to the unique nature and culture of the sport, wrestlers may be more likely to attribute SRC or CHI symptoms to normal training-related fatigue, which can lead to underreporting or delayed diagnosis. It is therefore imperative that appropriate safety initiatives and concussion awareness campaigns be implemented in youth wrestling to decrease the incidence of SRCs at local and national levels.
Due to the unique nature and culture of the sport, wrestlers may be more likely to attribute SRC or CHI symptoms to normal training-related fatigue, which can lead to underreporting or delayed diagnosis. It is therefore imperative that appropriate safety initiatives and concussion awareness campaigns be implemented in youth wrestling to decrease the incidence of SRCs at local and national levels.
To describe the lower limb range of motion (ROM) profile in professional road cyclists.

Cohort study. One hundred and twenty-one road cyclists volunteered to participate. ROM measurements of passive hip flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion in dominant and non-dominant limbs were performed using an inclinometer. ROM scores were individually categorized as normal or restricted according to reference values.

Overall, hip flexion was smaller in the non-dominant limb than in the dominant limb (F=12.429, P<0.001), with bilateral differences in male (95% mean diff 0.5° to 3.3°) and female cyclists (95% mean diff 0.1° to 3.1°). Sex differences were found in hip flexion (F=18.346, P<0.001), hip internal rotation (F=6.030, P=0.016) and ankle dorsiflexion (F=4.363, P=0.039), with males showing smaller ROM than females. Males and females had restricted knee flexion in dominant (males 51.6%; females 42.6%) and non-dominant limbs (males 45.0%; females 39.3%). Ankle dorsiflexion was also restricted in dominant (males 38.3%; females 31.1%) and non-dominant limbs (males 41.6%; females 34.4%).

Elite road cyclists showed restricted lower-limb ROM according to reference values. In general, male cyclists showed lower values of ROM than females' counterparts. These findings suggest that including specific stretching exercises and resistance training to improve knee and ankle dorsiflexion ROM may prevent muscle imbalances caused by chronic pedaling in professional cyclists.
Elite road cyclists showed restricted lower-limb ROM according to reference values. this website In general, male cyclists showed lower values of ROM than females' counterparts. These findings suggest that including specific stretching exercises and resistance training to improve knee and ankle dorsiflexion ROM may prevent muscle imbalances caused by chronic pedaling in professional cyclists.
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