Notes

Risks pertaining to cytomegalovirus reactivation throughout people together with kidney condition below immunosuppressive treatment.
Retinal Degenerative Diseases [RDDs] are irreversible ocular damages categorized as retinopathies. RDDs affect about 0.05% of individuals worldwide. The degenerations of RPE cells are involved in inherited and age-related RDDs. After the invention of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells [iPSC] by Yamanaka, a promising avenue has been opened to regenerative medicine and disease modeling. Retinal pigment epithelium [RPE] degeneration related-RDDs are also affected by iPSCs. IPSC-derived RPE cells created a novel method for treating the RPE degeneration related- RDDs and retinal diseases modeling to find a new therapeutic approach or drug development. There are various studies based on iPSC-derived RPE cells reporting the investigation of the role of a specific mutation, protein, signaling pathway, etc., responsible for a type of RDD. MLN7243 manufacturer Furthermore, iPSC-based RPE therapy is expanded to include some clinical trials. Despite the incredible growth rate in iPSC-based studies on RPE-related diseases, there are some challenges, i.e., teratoma formation potential of iPSCs, an expensive procedure of iPSC-based regeneration of RPEs, lack of a universal protocol or cellular product applicable in all patients, etc. This article reviews the iPSC-based RPE generation and their therapeutic applications, studies on RPE-related molecular and cellular pathophysiologic features of RDD in the iPSC-based models, future perspectives, and the challenges ahead.Oral diseases, such as dental caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, or craniofacial trauma, are common. Some individuals even suffer from oral cancer or congenital craniofacial defects. The oral-systemic disease link reveals that a dental disorder is not a minor problem. Tissue loss is an inevitable consequence of most oral diseases, and repairing the tissue loss and restoring craniofacial function are highly expected by patients and are terminal targets of dental treatment. The current clinical approach for tissue loss due to dental caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, oral cancer, trauma, and developmental diseases depends on the filling of corresponding material, allograft, or autograft bone after lesion removal. Repair of the tissue volume is expectedly followed by promising functional restoration using regenerative dental tissue or tissue engineering, which has currently aroused the interest of clinicians and researchers. This review focuses on the bold ideas and recent findings on newly identified skeletal stem cells (SSCs) as candidates for craniofacial regeneration, signaling regulation of SSCs extended from embryonic development, and signal molecule delivery for the repair of the craniofacial defect, sincerely hoping that the hypothesis of craniofacial self-healing is true in the future.Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial and complex disease involving the arterial intima of the circulatory system. The main risk factors of atherosclerosis are diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemic states, smoking, mental stress, unhealthy diet and a lack of physical activity. Recent studies have shown that dyslipidemia, inflammation and immune cells are involved in all stages of development of atherosclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells are a heterogeneous subset of multipotent cells that can be isolated from nearly all human organs and tissues, and they possess both regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells are able to provide immunosuppressive, regenerative and atheroprotective effects by reducing dyslipidemia, inflammation, and inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and plaque formation during the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Based on these beneficial effects, mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising alternative therapeutic approach for effective treatment of atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the current findings on potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells for preventing and regressing atherosclerosis as well as discuss strategies for improving the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy.
The importance of pre-treatment Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters in determining the response to treatment after radiosurgery in patients with meningioma has not yet been clearly revealed.

To determine tumor volume changes in terms of radiological response in patients with meningioma treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKR) and to analyze the relationship between total tumor volume (TTV) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters. In addition, we investigated whether the response to treatment can be predicted by pre-radiosurgery DTI findings.

Fifty-four patients were assessed using MRI and DTI before and after GKR. Mean diffusivity (MD), Fractional anisotropy (FA), Radial diffusivity (RD) and TTV were calculated from the tumor. Patients with 10% or more decrease in TTV after GKR were classified as group 1 and those with less than 10% decrease in volume or increase in volume were considered as group 2. The relationships between MD, RD, and FA values and TTV were investigated.

A decrease ond tumor volume in determining the efficacy of GKR in patients with meningioma.In this narrative-review, we report the most recent data from the literature of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV). Myopic CNV is the most frequent sight-threatening complication of pathologic myopia. The natural course of mCNV can result in expanding macular atrophy and /or fibrosis leading to irreversible visual loss after 5 years. Retinal multimodal imaging is mandatory for early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease during treatment. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment option for mCNV. Prompt treatment of active mCNV with intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy has been demonstrated effective in terms of visual outcome improvements reducing the occurrence of late-stage complications.Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) currently account for nearly half of no communicable diseases. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the cardiovascular protective role of a diet rich in vegetables and fruits. In this context, our research outcomes have demonstrated the antiplatelet activities of fruits and vegetable extracts widely consumed, among which tomato was highlighted in our lab work. Tomato pomace, a major byproduct of tomato paste production, consists of skin and seeds and is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Tomato pomace has potent antithrombotic effects, even greater than the tomato. Given the large volumes of an industrial generation of tomato pomace, there is an opportunity to use this by-product to obtain a functional product with antiaggregant and antithrombotic properties that could be useful as an additive in health foods and thus prevent CVD. This review will focus on the platelet as the target for the antithrombotic actions exerted by the different bioactive compounds present in tomato pomace.
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