Notes

Evidence-based practice throughout cognitive-behavioural treatments.
Only CORM-2 at the highest tested concentration (100 μM) and CORM-3 (50 and 100 μM) reduced platelet aggregation induced by ADP. None of the tested CORMs caused platelet damage. The treatment of various diseases associated with oxidative stress, including cardiovascular diseases, may be enhanced by the administration of CO donors CORM-2 and CORM-3, these being modulators of oxidative stress and hemostasis. BACKGROUND CONTEXT Dysphagia following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a common complication, the etiology of which has not been established. Given that one potential mechanism for dysphagia is local tissue edema, it is thought that a greater number of operative levels may result in higher dysphagia rates. However, prior reports comparing one-level to two-level ACDF have shown varying results. PURPOSE To determine if there is a difference in dysphagia between one-level and two-level ACDF. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. PATIENT SAMPLE Patients who underwent one- or two-level ACDF with a plate-graft construct by a single-surgeon at a high-volume academic medical center. OUTCOME MEASURES Neck Disability Index, Visual Analog Scale for neck pain and arm pain, Short Form-12 physical and mental health components, and Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL) Questionnaire. METHODS Patient demographics, operative data, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs; Neck Disability Index, Visual Analog Scale, Short Form-12, and SWAL-QOL) of patients undergoing one- and two-level ACDF were compared using Fisher exact test for categorical variables and Student's t test for continuous variables. Regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with 6- and 12-week SWAL-QOL scores in order to determine whether the number of surgical levels impacts these outcomes. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients (22 one-level and 36 two-level ACDF) were included. Patients undergoing two-level fusions were older (54.17+8.67 vs 48.06+10.68 years, p=.02) and had longer operative times (69.08+10.51 vs 53.5+14.35 minutes, p61.5 minutes, and worse preoperative dysphagia. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings and identify additional risk factors for postoperative dysphagia. BACKGROUND Mitigating common complications such as postoperative urinary retention (POUR) following elective spine surgery is prudent. Identifying patients at risk for POUR and recognizing associated factors, to avoid a more complicated postoperative episode should be a priority and easily achievable. Understanding the financial burden of complications, such as POUR, is also important for value-based healthcare, not only for providers, but for employers and payors as well. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine patient and surgical factors that may lead to increased risk for POUR and its associated cost following elective lumbar laminectomies. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING This is a retrospective study of the incidence of postoperative urinary retention after elective one- and two-level primary lumbar laminectomies. PATIENT SAMPLE We followed patients undergoing one- and two-level primary elective lumbar laminectomies performed between April 2014 and December 2016. OUTCOME MEASURES Patient factors included agtraoperative fluid requirements, readmission, emergency department visit, and complication rates between groups. On average, patients with POUR had a significantly longer length of stay than patients without POUR. In addition, more POUR patients were discharged to acute rehabilitation facilities and had higher average variable direct cost compared tonon-POUR patients. CONCLUSIONS POUR is a significant risk after elective laminectomy. This study supports several widely accepted beliefs regarding POUR risk, while challenging others. It also highlights the burden of POUR development after surgery. At our institution, we developed a protocol supported by these findings. Arcobacter butzleri is a foodborne emerging human pathogen, frequently displaying a multidrug resistant character. Still, the lack of comprehensive genome-scale comparative analysis has limited our knowledge on A. butzleri diversification and pathogenicity. Here, we performed a deep genome analysis of A. butzleri focused on decoding its core- and pan-genome diversity and specific genetic traits underlying its pathogenic potential and diverse ecology. Val-boroPro chemical structure A. butzleri (genome size 2.07-2.58 Mbp) revealed a large open pan-genome with 7474 genes (about 50% being singletons) and a small but diverse core-genome with 1165 genes. It presents a plastic virulome (including newly identified determinants), marked by the differential presence of multiple adaptation-related virulence factors, such as the urease cluster ureD(AB)CEFG (phenotypically confirmed), the hypervariable hemagglutinin-encoding hecA, a type I secretion system (T1SS) harboring another agglutinin and a novel VirB/D4 T4SS likely linked to interbacterial compuipped with vast and diverse virulence and antibiotic resistance arsenals that open a multitude of phenotypic fingerprints for environmental/host adaptation and pathogenicity. Parechovirus (the Picornaviridae family), recently classified as Parechovirus A and formerly known as Human parechovirus (HPeV), can cause a wide range of human diseases. Over the past decade, several studies have reported HPeV epidemiology in different regions; however, information from Russia is limited. A total of 632 stool samples collected in Novosibirsk, Russia during January-March 2012 were screened for HPeV by RT-PCR. The study cohort comprised 572 patients with acute gastroenteritis and 60 healthy children. Seven of 572 (1.2%) gastroenteritis cases were HPeV-positive, including one co-infection with rotavirus and astrovirus. All positive patients were ≤1 year old, and five of them were younger than 3 months. None of the healthy controls provided an HPeV-positive sample. Six HPeV isolates were classified as HPeV-1 and one as HPeV-5 using phylogenetic analysis. Two complete genome sequences of HPeV-1 and one of HPeV-5 were determined and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the studied Russian strains are probably recombinants.
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