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4% and accuracy was -3.7% to 5.5%. Extraction recovery was ≥87% and matrix effects ranged from 2.2% to 4.3%. After laboratory validation, the method was successfully applied to clinical samples.Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancers and the leading cause of death from malignancy among women worldwide. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are a source of important prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients. In this study, based on the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor immune microenvironment, a risk score prognostic model was developed in the training cohort for risk stratification and prognosis prediction in breast cancer patients. The prognostic value of this risk score prognostic model was also verified in the two testing cohorts and the TCGA pan cancer cohort. Nomograms were also established in the training and testing cohorts to validate the clinical use of this model. Relationships between the risk score, intrinsic molecular subtypes, immune checkpoints, tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundances and the response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy were also evaluated. Based on these results, we can conclude that this risk score model could serve as a robust prognostic biomarker, provide therapeutic benefits for the development of novel chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and may be helpful for clinical decision making in breast cancer patients.Emerging viral infections seriously threaten human health globally. Several challenges exist in identifying effective compounds against viral infections (1) at the initial stage of a new virus outbreak, little information, except for its genome information, may be available; (2) although the identified compounds may be effective, they may be toxic in vivo and (3) cytokine release syndrome (CRS) triggered by viral infections is the primary cause of mortality. learn more Currently, an integrative tool that takes all those aspects into consideration for identifying effective compounds to prevent viral infections is absent. In this study, we developed iDMer, as an integrative and mechanism-driven response system for addressing these challenges during the sudden virus outbreaks. iDMer comprises three mechanism-driven compound identification modules, that is, a virus-host interaction-oriented module, an autophagy-oriented module and a CRS-oriented module. As a one-stop integrative platform, iDMer incorporates compound toxicity evaluation and compound combination identification for virus treatment with clear mechanisms. iDMer was successfully tested on five viruses, including the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our results indicated that, for all five tested viruses, compounds that were reported in the literature or experimentally validated for virus treatment were enriched at the top, demonstrating the generalized effectiveness of iDMer. Finally, we demonstrated that combinations of the individual modules successfully identified combinations of compounds effective for virus intervention with clear mechanisms.Exposure to acute, high-dose, whole-body ionizing radiation results in bone marrow failure (hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome with resultant infection, bleeding, anemia, and increased risk of death). Sargramostim (yeast-derived rhu GM-CSF), a yeast-derived, molecularly cloned, hematopoietic growth factor and pleiotropic cytokine supports proliferation, differentiation, maturation and survival of cells of several myeloid lineages. We evaluated the efficacy of sargramostim in non-human primates (rhesus macaques) exposed to whole-body ionizing radiation at a 50-60% lethal dose. The primary end point was day 60 survival. Non-human primates received daily subcutaneous sargramostim (7 mcg/kg/day) or control. To reflect the anticipated setting of a nuclear or radiologic event, treatment began 48 h postirradiation, and non-human primates received only moderate supportive care (no whole blood transfusions or individualized antibiotics). Sargramostim significantly increased day 60 survival to 78% (95% confidence interval, 61-90%) vs. 42% (26-59%; P = 0.0018) in controls. Neutrophil, platelet and lymphocyte recovery rates were accelerated and infection rates decreased. Improved survival when sargramostim was started 48 h postirradiation, without use of intensive supportive care, suggests sargramostim may be effective in treating humans exposed to acute, high-dose whole-body, ionizing radiation in a scenario such as a mass casualty event.Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) Ca8H2(PO4)6×5H2O] has attracted increasing attention over the last decade as a transient intermediate to the biogenic apatite for bone engineering and in studies involving the processes of pathological calcification. In this work, OCP powders obtained by hydrolysis of dicalcium phosphate dehydrate were subjected to X- and γ-ray irradiation and studied by means of stationary and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance at 9, 36 and 94 GHz microwave frequencies. Several types of paramagnetic centers were observed in the investigated samples. Their spectroscopic parameters (components of the g and hyperfine tensors) were determined. Based on the extracted parameters, the induced centers were ascribed to H0, CO33-, CO2- and nitrogen-centered (presumably NO32-) radicals. The spectroscopic parameters of the nitrogen-centered stable radical in OCP powders were found to be markedly different from those in hydroxyapatite. According to X-ray diffraction data, γ-ray irradiation allowed the phase composition of calcium phosphates to change; all minor phases with the exception of OCP and hydroxyapatite disappeared, while the OCP crystal lattice parameters changed after irradiation. The obtained results could be used for the tracing of mineralization processes from their initiation to completion of the final product, identification of the OCP phase, and to follow the influence of radiation processes on phase composition of calcium phosphates.Radiation exposure in computed tomography (CT) is automatically modulated by automatic exposure control (AEC) mainly based on scout images. To simulate the whole-body positron emission tomography/CT, CT images of a phantom were obtained using the posteroanterior scout image alone (PA scout) or the posteroanterior and lateral images (PA + Lat scout). Old and new versions of the AEC software were compared. Using the old version of the software and the PA scout, a markedly high dose at the top of the head was observed, which varied depending on the position of the phantom. This issue was resolved in the new version of the software. Radiation dose in the shoulder region was much higher using the PA scout than using the PA + Lat scout, even with the new version of the software. AEC may cause unreasonably high radiation exposure locally, and the appropriateness of the dose modulation pattern should be examined at each facility.
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