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CONCLUSION The burden of obesity in India is one of the highest in the world and with numbers of bariatric and metabolic procedures rising rapidly; there is a need for country specific guidelines. The Indian population is unique in its phenotype, genotype and nutritional make up. This document enlists guidelines for surgeons and allied health practitioners as also multiple other stake-holders like primary health physicians, policy makers, insurance companies and the Indian government.BACKGROUND Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) have a high risk of relapse in spite of the use of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. In this context, looking for new prognostic biomarkers is an interesting field of research. Our aim is to analyze the prognostic impact of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and other serum markers in patients with STS who received chemotherapy with curative intent. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective observational study. We included all patients with STS (primary tumor, local recurrence or resected metastatic disease) treated with high-dose ifosfamide and epirubicin with curative intent from January 2007 to December 2018. The pretreatment NLR and other serum markers were calculated, selecting the median as the cut-off value for the survival and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Seventy-nine patients were included. Median NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were 2.83, 174.05 and 3.25, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in patients with low NLR [not reached (NR) vs 21, 92 months, P  less then  0.01]. No significant differences were found for PFS regarding PLR or LMR. For overall survival (OS), a significant survival advantage was also found for patients with low NLR (NR vs 65.45 months, P = 0.01), without differences for PLR or LMR. In multivariate analysis, NLR remains an independent prognostic factor for PFS. CONCLUSION In our cohort, low NLR was significantly associated with a longer PFS and OS, and is consolidated as an independent prognostic factor.To formulate the optimal strategy of combatting bacterial biofilms, in this review we update current knowledge on the growing problem of biofilm formation and its resistance to antibiotics which has spurred the search for new strategies to deal with this complication. Based on recent findings, the role of bacteriophages in the prevention and elimination of biofilm-related infections has been emphasized. In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo biofilm treatment models with single bacteriophages or phage cocktails have been compared. A combined use of bacteriophages with antibiotics in vitro or in vivo confirms earlier reports of the synergistic effect of these agents in improving biofilm removal. Furthermore, studies on the application of phage-derived lysins in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo against biofilm-related infections are encouraging. The strategy of combined use of phage and antibiotics seems to be different from using lysins and antibiotics. These findings suggest that phages and lysins alone or in combination with antibiotics may be an efficient weapon against biofilm formation in vivo and ex vivo, which could be useful in formulating novel strategies to combat bacterial infections. Those findings proved to be relevant in the prevention and destruction of biofilms occurring during urinary tract infections, orthopedic implant-related infections, periodontal and peri-implant infections. Lotiglipron agonist In conclusion, it appears that most efficient strategy of eliminating biofilms involves phages or lysins in combination with antibiotics, but the optimal scheme of their administration requires further studies.Currently there is no effective antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection, which frequently leads to fatal inflammatory responses and acute lung injury. Here, we discuss the various mechanisms of SARS-CoV-mediated inflammation. We also assume that SARS-CoV-2 likely shares similar inflammatory responses. Potential therapeutic tools to reduce SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory responses include various methods to block FcR activation. In the absence of a proven clinical FcR blocker, the use of intravenous immunoglobulin to block FcR activation may be a viable option for the urgent treatment of pulmonary inflammation to prevent severe lung injury. Such treatment may also be combined with systemic anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids. However, these strategies, as proposed here, remain to be clinically tested for effectiveness.Radiographic examination remains the mainstay of the initial assessment of the young adult hip; however, common parameters are required to assist in the formation of accurate diagnoses and appropriate management plans. This paper aims to summarise the most important aspects of the assessment of plain radiographs performed on the young adult hip joint.In order to realize the effective measurement of environmental pollution loss (EPL) caused by waste gas emits from energy consumption in industrial parks, it is built a shadow price model of waste gas emits in this study on the basis of literature review and status analysis. The measurement model is applied to Nanjing MV Industrial Park by using relevant statistical data. It is found that the total environmental pollution loss of waste gas emits from energy consumption in Nanjing MV Industrial Park presents a "U" change trend, which first decreases and then increases. In terms of the composition of environmental pollution loss of waste gas emits, environmental pollution loss caused by SO2 and NO2 stays high, which are the main components of environmental pollution loss and would be the focus of energy conservation and emission reduction in Nanjing MV Industrial Park in the future. The research results provide an effective quantitative analysis method for local government to measure the environmental pollution loss of waste gas emits from energy consumption in industrial parks and to formulate policies for environmental pollution treatment. Graphical abstract.To enhance eutrophic water improvement effect, three parallel lab-scale oxidation pond-vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland-stable pond combined systems with different microporous intermittent aeration positions were constructed. The purification effect of each system was determined, and the contribution rate of each part of the system was also calculated. The characters of bacterial community under different aeration positions were also analyzed. Microporous intermittent aeration rate of 5 mg/L was chosen as the aeration rate for follow-up experiment. The result showed that the best CODCr, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus removal efficiencies were achieved by the combined system with bottom microporous intermittent aeration, and the efficiencies were 71.04%, 79.52%, and 95.10%, respectively. The best ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency was 92.62% and was achieved by the combined system with surface microporous intermittent aeration. After analyses, 14 strains of bacteria associated with the removal of N elements were found and 8 strains of bacteria associated with P element cycle were found.
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