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A 'turn-on' fluorescence method for detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in marine food samples is presented in this article. Using this method, a carbon dots (CDs)-MnO2 probe was formed in which fluorescence intensity (FI) of CDs was quenched through fluorescence resonance energy transfer by addition of MnO2 nanosheets. When H2 O2 was added into the CDs-MnO2 solution, the MnO2 nanosheets formed Mn2+ ions due to a redox reaction between H2 O2 and MnO2 nanosheets, and CD FI was recovered. Under optimized conditions, the detection limit for H2 O2 was 0.87 μM, and analytical linear range was 4-100 μM. Furthermore, this developed fluorescence sensing system was successfully used with satisfactory results to determine trace H2 O2 content in marine food samples. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Li metal is recognized as one of the most promising anode materials owing to its ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity and low electrochemical potential. Nonetheless, dendritic Li growth has dramatically hindered the practical applications of Li metal anode. Realizing spherical Li deposition is an effective approach to avoid Li dendrite growth, but the mechanism of spherical deposition is unknown. In this contribution, a diffusion-reaction competition mechanism is proposed to reveal the rationale of different Li deposition morphologies. By controlling the rate-determining step (diffusion or reaction) of Li deposition, various Li deposition scenario are realized, where the diffusion-controlled process tends to form dendritic Li deposition while the reaction-controlled process leads to spherical Li deposition. This study sheds fresh light on the dendrite-free Li metal anode and guides to achieve safe batteries to benefit future wireless and fuel-free world. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The aim of the study was to assess sleep structure, phenotypes related to bruxism activity and basic respiratory parameters among a large group of participants with sleep bruxism and without obstructive sleep apnea. Adult participants with clinical suspicion of sleep bruxism and with no other significant medical history were recruited. Video-polysomnography was performed to detect masseter muscles activity. Polysomnographic scoring was performed according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Criteria. Finally, 146 participants were included. The participants were divided into three subgroups severe, mild and no sleep bruxism. There were no differences in total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, wake duration after sleep onset, rapid eye movement, and measured respiratory parameters. The severity of sleep bruxism contributed to the increased intensity of all sleep bruxism phenotypes in almost all sleep stages, apart from tonic and mixed activity in non-rapid eye movement stage 3 sleep (slow-wave sleep). Those with bruxism spent more time in rapid eye movement sleep compared to controls; there were no differences in non-rapid eye movement sleep stages. The results confirmed that sleep bruxism does not significantly affect sleep duration, efficiency and continuity (in terms of sleep-wake cycles). Sleep bruxism contributes to a higher percentage of rapid eye movement sleep in the total sleep time. Those with bruxism present more frequent episodes during all stages of sleep; however, in the case of slow-wave sleep, tonic and mixed activity observed in participants with sleep bruxism are comparable to those of healthy people. © 2020 European Sleep Research Society.Studies conducted on isotretinoin have shown that it may indirectly lead to atherosclerosis. DNA Damage inhibitor The objective of this study was to determine the effect of systemic isotretinoin on subclinical atherosclerosis. The present study included 63 patients with acne vulgaris who had used isotretinoin for 6 months. Glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance levels; body mass index; waist circumference; blood pressure; lipid profile; and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) levels were compared in the patients at the initiation and discontinuation of the treatment. At the discontinuation of the treatment, LOX-1 and Ox-LDL levels showed a significant increase (P less then  .001 and P = .040, respectively). Differences in waist circumference were positively correlated with an increase in LOX-1 levels (r = .274; P = .030). Isotretinoin causes an increase in the levels of subclinical atherosclerosis markers. Although the present study sample size was small, we believe that caution should be exercised considering the risk of atherosclerosis during isotretinoin use in men with high waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors; further studies are warranted in this regard. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.AIM To examine the synergistic effect of calycosin combined with polymyxin B against various mcr-1-positive bacterial strains. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we found a potential inhibitor of MCR-1, calycosin, that could significantly restore the antibacterial activity of polymyxin B. The synergistic effect of calycosin combined with polymyxin B against various mcr-1-positive bacterial strains was confirmed by checkerboard minimum inhibitory concentration assays, time-kill curve assays and disk diffusion assays. The fractional inhibitory concentration indexes ranged from 0·15 ± 0·03 to 0·28 ± 0·05, and the zones of inhibition increased from 13·33 ± 0·47 to 17·67 ± 0·47 mm with the combined therapy of calycosin and polymyxin B. In addition, the combined therapy significantly reduced the number of bacteria in the medium. However, at the concentrations required for the synergistic effect with polymyxin B, calycosin alone showed no effect on bacterial growth or MCR-1 production. Calycosin treatment exhibited no cytotoxicity to HeLa cells or A549 cells at calycosin concentrations below 32 µg ml-1 . CONCLUSIONS Therefore, our results suggested that calycosin could be used as a potential MCR-1 inhibitor to restore the bactericidal effect of polymyxin B without affecting bacterial viability or existing cytotoxicity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The synergistic effect of calycosin combined with polymyxin B against various mcr-1-positive bacterial strains paves the way for future pharmaceutical applications of calycosin in fighting mcr-1-positive bacterial infections. © 2020 The Society for Applied Microbiology.
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