Notes

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To explore the opinions, the usage and the patient education given on nasal saline irrigation by physicians and pharmaceutical personnel working in Finland.

An internet-based survey with predetermined, multiple-choice answers.

Primary care centres, occupational health centres and private care centres in Eastern Finland as well as pharmacies in Finland.

Healthcare professionals views, practice and general knowledge of nasal irrigation for sinonasal symptoms and conditions.

We received 595 completed surveys (110 physicians, 485 pharmacists). The majority of the respondents recommended nasal saline irrigation for their patients either as a symptomatic treatment (98.0%) or to treat a specific condition (97.5%) such as acute rhinosinusitis, chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. Nasal saline irrigation was also often recommended as a prophylaxis for airway-infections (71.9%) and to enhance the health of the nasal mucosa (58.2%). In general, the possible adverse effects were recognised poorly by bo irrigation.The patient education given is in general very heterogenous.Both professions require more education to ensure that the usage remains as safe as possible for the patient.Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a therapeutic option in different fields based on its growth factors. We investigated influence of PRP on islet survival, function, transplantation outcomes, and pancreatic genes expression in diabetic rats. In vitro pancreatic isolated islets were incubated with/without PRP then viability, insulin secretion, and content were assessed. In vivo Series 1 were designed to determine whether islet treatment with PRP improves transplantation outcome in diabetic rats by evaluating plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and oxidative parameters. Series 2, effects of PRP subcutaneous injection were evaluated on pancreatic genes expression and glucose tolerance test in diabetic rats. PRP enhanced viability and secretary function of islet. Reduced glucose and malondialdehyde levels as well as increased insulin levels, superoxide dismutase activity, and expressions of pdx1 and insulin were observed in diabetic rats. PRP treatment has positive effects on islet viability, function, transplantation outcome, and pancreatic genes expression in diabetic rats.
Even though ward rounds are important learning opportunities for medical students, unfavourable ward round scripts of students and physicians may hinder learning in such situations. We investigated medical students' and physicians' ward round scripts with respect to (a) the content focus of ward round activities, and (b) the potential of these activities for knowledge construction.

We conducted standardized interviews with 50 medical students and physicians in internal medicine at different expertise stages. 5-Fluorouracil solubility dmso Activities participants labelled as typical for ward rounds were coded with respect to their content focus and their potential with regard to knowledge construction.

Regarding content focus, especially residents mainly named activities bound to patient care. Teaching- and learning-related activities were very rare, but more frequently mentioned by students and more experienced physicians. With respect to potential for knowledge construction, students regarded significantly more passive activities (= low potential for knowledge construction) as typical for ward rounds, especially when they described their own role.

Medical students should be supported in their development of conceiving ward rounds as valuable learning opportunities. Residents should be asked to take their teaching responsibility seriously, for example by demanding an active engagement of the students during ward rounds.
Medical students should be supported in their development of conceiving ward rounds as valuable learning opportunities. Residents should be asked to take their teaching responsibility seriously, for example by demanding an active engagement of the students during ward rounds.
Patients in Sweden's rural community hospitals have not been clinically characterised. We compared characteristics of patients in general practitioner-led community hospitals in northern Sweden with those admitted to general hospitals.

Retrospective register study.

Community and general hospitals in Västerbotten and Norrbotten counties, Sweden.

Patients enrolled at community hospitals and hospitalised in community and general hospitals between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014.

Age, sex, number of admissions, main, secondary and total number of diagnoses.

We recorded 16,133 admissions to community hospitals and 60,704 admissions to general hospitals. Mean age was 76.8 and 61.2years for community and general hospital patients (
 < .001). Women were more likely than men to be admitted to a community hospital after age adjustment (odds ratio (OR) 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.17). The most common diagnoses in community hospital were heart failure (6%) and pneumonia (5%). Patients wiweden. • Compared to men, women were more likely to be admitted to community hospitals than to general hospitals, even after adjustment for age. To the best of our knowledge, this pattern has not been reported in other countries with community hospitals. • In both community hospitals and general hospitals, doctors assigned more diagnoses to men than to women.
Women with severe mental illnesses are a vulnerable population and little is known about their reproductive planning needs. The aim of our study was to describe rates of unintended pregnancies, postpartum contraception, identify use and knowledge of prenatal/pregnancy vitamins and identify modifiable lifestyle risks.

Mixed methods study incorporating a cross-sectional survey and prospective pregnancy data collection.

A multidisciplinary antenatal clinic in Australia.

Thirty-eight pregnant women with severe mental illnesses schizophrenia, schizoaffective, bipolar and severe post-traumatic stress disorder.

Unintended pregnancy rates, immediate postpartum contraception, use of prenatal and pregnancy vitamins and knowledge sources, obesity, and use and cessation rates for smoking, and substances, and comorbid medical conditions.

Overall 42% of women had unintended pregnancy, with those with schizophrenia at most risk (56%). A long acting reversible contraception was inserted in 5 women (13%), with 45% having no immediate contraception prescribed prior to postnatal discharge.
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