Notes

Strong hemostatic treatments determined by nanoclay electrospun walls.
In this article, carbon microspheres (CMSs) synthesized by the hydrothermal method and CMSs-Fe (with Fe3+ adsorbed on the surface of CMSs) were combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to achieve the fire safety improvement of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The fire safety performance of TPU composites was investigated by the cone calorimeter test, microscale combustion calorimeter test, thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that CMSs and CMSs-Fe can improve the fire safety performance of TPU/APP composites and the effect of CMSs-Fe was better than that of CMSs. The peak heat release rate of the sample containing 0.25 wt % CMSs and 7.75 wt % APP was 16.7% lower than that of the sample containing 8.00 wt % APP, and the content of toxic gases was also reduced in the fire smoke. Also, total heat release and total smoke release of the sample containing CMSs-Fe were 54.7% and 11.6%, respectively, lower than those of the sample containing 0.25% CMSs. check details It confirmed the contribution of CMSs to the flame retardant system, and the performance of CMSs is improved by adsorbing Fe3+. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.A new solvent scale, solvation ability (SA), was developed to arrange solvents in the order of their SA for large π-conjugated compounds. The SA of a solvent was determined in a binary solvent system of an assessed solvent and a standard "good" solvent (GS) or "poor" solvent (PS), chloroform or methylcyclohexane, respectively, in the presence of two types of solvation/desolvation indicators, 1Zn2 and 2Zn2 . The latter comprises bis(imidazolylporphyrinatozinc) linked via a 1,3-butadiynylene moiety having linear alkyl and hydrophilic side chains, respectively. GSs and PSs give extended (E-) and stacked (S-) supramolecular polymers of the indicators, respectively. SA values are defined as vol % of the standard solvent added to an assessed solvent to give the balance point where comparable amounts of E- and S-polymers of the indicators coexist. GSs and PSs have positive and negative signs, respectively. In this study, the SA of 25 solvents was determined. The SA values with indicator 1Zn2 were as follows ethyl acetate (-81), hexane (-66), toluene (-50), cyclohexane (-47), CCl4 (-25), chloroform (50), and nitrobenzene (79). Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.This work describes the practical production of novel indigo derivatives from commercially available and economically friendly indigo and investigation for their potential use as diesel markers. Introduction of solubilizing long alkyl chains into an indigo molecule via formation of arylimino moieties at its carbonyl sites and amidation at its amino groups greatly enhances the solubility in diesel and several common organic solvents. Effects of the number and position of the alkyl chains on the absorption behavior of the compounds are discussed. Because of their superior absorption in a region where the diesel cannot absorb, indigo N-arylimine and N-monoacyl-substituted indigo derivatives can serve as diesel absorption markers at detection wavelengths of 590 and 575 nm, respectively. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis suggested that this target marker is stable in diesel for at least 3 months under ambient conditions. Furthermore, physical testing according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standards indicates that addition of these markers at a concentration of 5 ppm does not significantly affect the physical properties of the original diesel, thus confirming the applicability of these compounds for marking of commercial diesels. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Molecular interactions are important for various areas of research. Interactions between a target molecule and probe molecules having their own interaction capacity can be quantified via six interaction parameters. The theoretical interaction energy can be calculated from the interaction parameters, while that of experimental is measured using a calorimeter. These two methods are proposed in this work to calculate them. The first is based on an equation linking Hansen's and Drago's parameters. The second method is based on an experimental matrix formed by the interaction energies of tert-butanol with the probe molecules characterized by their six interaction parameters. Finally, the quality of the experiment matrix is checked for the effectiveness of the six experimental interaction parameters of the target molecule, which is tert-butanol. Then, these experimental values are compared with theoretical values from interaction parameters. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Anacardic acid (AA) and its derivatives are well-known for their therapeutic applications ranging from antitumor, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and so forth. However, their poor pharmacokinetic and safety properties create significant hurdles in the formulation of the final drug molecule. As a part of our endeavor to enhance the potential and exploration of the anticancer activities, a detailed study on the properties of selected AA derivatives was performed in this work. A comprehensive analysis of the drug-like properties of 100 naturally occurring AA derivatives was performed, and the results were compared with certain marketed anticancer drugs. The work focused on the understanding of the interplay among eight physicochemical properties. The relationships between the physicochemical properties, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion attributes, and the in silico toxicity profile for the set of AA derivatives were established. The ligand efficacy of the finally scrutinized 17 AA derivatives on the basis of pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity parameters was further subjected to dock against the potential anticancer target cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (PDB ID 1W98). In the docked complex, the ligand molecules (AA derivatives) selectively bind with the target residues, and a high binding affinity of the ligand molecules was ensured by the full fitness score using the SwissDock Web server. The BOILED-Egg model shows that out of 17 scrutinized molecules, 3 molecules exhibit gastrointestinal absorption capability and 14 molecules exhibit permeability through the blood-brain barrier penetration. The analysis can also provide some useful insights to chemists to modify the existing natural scaffolds in designing new anacardic anticancer drugs. The increased probability of success may lead to the identification of drug-like candidates with favorable safety profiles after further clinical evaluation. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.
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