Notes

Your dimeric Golgi protein Gorab adheres for you to Sas6 as a monomer to be able to mediate centriole copying.
Less than average airway size due to dysanaptic airway growth or airway remodeling may be independent risk factors for the development of COPD and the asthma/COPD overlap syndrome in adult life. There are intriguing early data suggesting that perhaps at least some of this risk is modifiable by improving asthma control with inhaled corticosteroids and minimizing asthma exacerbations.Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects about 1%-5% of the pediatric population. The consequences of untreated OSA in children include neurocognitive deficits, behavioral problems, poor school performance as well as systemic and pulmonary hypertension. The treatment options for pediatric OSA are numerous with a variety of surgical and non-surgical interventions. As our understanding of the complexities of OSA grows, the options for management have continued to expand as well. The objectives of this review are to describe the commonly prescribed treatments for pediatric OSA including adenotonsillectomy as well as use of positive airway pressure. We also highlight other surgical and non-surgical interventions available. In addition, we provide updates on current research focusing on newer diagnostic and experimental treatment modalities.
Pulmonary mucormycosis is life threatening and carries a poor prognosis. Identification of factors that improve prognosis is urgently necessary.

To analyze the clinical features and outcomes of pulmonary mucormycosis in children.

A retrospective analysis of clinical data of four cases with pulmonary mucormycosis was conducted in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018.

Underlying diseases were identified in all four cases (diabetes in three individuals and a hematological malignancy in one individual). The predominant clinical manifestations were fever, cough, chest pain and hemoptysis. Imaging features included consolidation or nodules with cavities. All four cases were treated with liposomal amphotericin B, one case underwent lobectomy, and three cases received a full course of posaconazole. All four cases were cured.

Patients with pulmonary mucormycosis often have underlying diseases. Imaging features are relatively characteristic. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B at an early stage and a sufficient course of posaconazole for maintenance significantly improves prognosis.
Patients with pulmonary mucormycosis often have underlying diseases. Imaging features are relatively characteristic. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B at an early stage and a sufficient course of posaconazole for maintenance significantly improves prognosis.
The incidence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children has increased year by year recently. Blood pressure research of OSAS children can help understand the occurrence of OSAS related complications. Early detection and intervention of blood pressure changes in children with OSAS can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease in later adulthood.

To investigate the differences in blood pressure among different groups of snoring children and different sleep stages.

Habitually snoring children (snoring frequency of ≥ 3 nights per week) aged 3 to 11 years were recruited from Beijing Children's Hospital from 1 January 2017 to 30 June 2018. All children underwent polysomnography, and their blood pressure was monitored and calculated by the pulse transit time. The children were divided into those with primary snoring (PS), mild OSAS, and moderate to severe OSAS according to their obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI).

In total, 140 children were included. Ninety-seven had PS, 24 had mild Ol groups of children.
Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) testing is a method used in the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). It has not been evaluated in Chinese population.

To establish a reference nNO value to assist in the diagnosis of PCD in Chinese children.

nNO values were measured in children with PCD (
36), cystic fibrosis (CF) (
20), asthma (
45), post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) (
41) and non-PCD/non-CF bronchiectasis (
32). The receiver operating characteristic nNO value for the diagnosis of PCD was plotted and the area under the curve was calculated.

nNO values were significantly lower in children with PCD (median 25.66 nL/min) than in children with asthma (186.26 ± 58.95 nL/ min), BO (143.47 ± 49.71 nL/min) and non-PCD/non-CF bronchiectasis (173.13 ± 63.80 nL/min), but not in children with CF (90.90 ± 43.20 nL/min). Notably however, no CF patient had an nNO value < 45 nL/min. A cut-off of 76 nL/min yielded the best sensitivity of 86.1%, and specificity of 91.4%, with an area under the curve of 0.920 (95% confidence interval 0.859-0.981) for the diagnosis of PCD. If CF was ruled out the specificity increased to nearly 100%.

nNO testing is able to discriminate between patients with PCD and those with CF, asthma, post-infectious BO and non-PCD/non-CF bronchiectasis. selleckchem A cut-off of 76 nL/min could be further examined in patients suspected of PCD, to establish an nNO reference value for PCD screening in Chinese children.
nNO testing is able to discriminate between patients with PCD and those with CF, asthma, post-infectious BO and non-PCD/non-CF bronchiectasis. A cut-off of 76 nL/min could be further examined in patients suspected of PCD, to establish an nNO reference value for PCD screening in Chinese children.
Surfactant protein C (SP-C) dysfunction is a rare disease associated with interstitial lung disease. Early therapies may improve outcomes but the diagnosis is often delayed owing to variability of manifestations.

To investigate the manifestations and outcomes of SP-C dysfunction.

We retrospectively analyzed the records of five pediatric patients who were diagnosed with SP-C dysfunction between February 2014 and April 2017 at Beijing Children's Hospital.

The five patients included two boys and three girls with a median age at diagnosis of 1.3 years. All patients presented with interstitial lung disease and had a heterozygous
mutation, including an I73T mutation in three patients, a V39L mutation in one patient, and a Y104H mutation in one patient. In addition to common respiratory manifestations, hemoptysis and anemia were observed in one patient with the I73T mutation. Elevated levels of autoantibodies and a large number of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were found in two patients with the I73T mutation, suggesting the presence of diffuse alveolar hemorrage and autoimmunity.
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