Notes

A photocurrent-polarity-switching biosensor for very frugal assay of mucin One depending on target-induced hemin exchange through ZrO2 worthless fields to G-quadruplex nanowires.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare neoplasm that arises from secretory glands, most frequently from the salivary glands. Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma is microscopically identical to adenoid cystic carcinoma developing at other tissues. Therefore, differentiating between a primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma and an extracutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with cutaneous metastases is pivotal to determine its prognosis and management. We describe a case of primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma on the abdomen that was successfully treated with wide excision.Hidrocystomas are benign cysts of sweat duct epithelium that can present as single or multiple lesions, with or without pigmentation. Zimlovisertib inhibitor The size is typically 1-3mm in diameter. Although hidrocystomas commonly occur in most parts of the head and neck region, occurrence on the scalp is rare. Herein, we present a 29-year-old woman with a giant pigmented apocrine hidrocystoma of the scalp, which, to our knowledge, represents the largest of its kind reported to date.A 61-year-old man with metastatic renal cell carcinoma on cabozantinib developed hand-foot skin reaction with predominantly dorsal involvement including painful violaceous plaques over the joints and keratotic yellow plaques on the palmar fingers. The medication was discontinued with resolution of the plaques and later reinitiated at a lower dose uneventfully.Pilomatrixoma is a benign adnexal tumor very common in pediatric age and in young adults that derives from follicular matrix cells. Although clinically it usually presents as a subcutaneous nodule of bluish color less than 3cm in size, multiple clinicopathological variants have been described in the literature. Among these we can find the giant pilomatrixoma, a rare clinical variant that reaches a size greater than or equal to 4cm and can simulate the clinical presentation of a malignant neoplasm. We report a 59-year-old man with an exophytic and ulcerated nodule in the left parotid region that was removed with the suspected diagnosis of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological analysis showed a proliferation of basaloid cells with areas of transition to ghost cells, under granulation tissue, hemorrhage, and an ulcerated epidermis. Thus, the diagnosis of giant pilomatrixoma was made. We reviewed the literature and found a total of 53 articles that report a total of 71 cases of giant pilomatrixoma. It is important to recognize this clinical subtype of pilomatrixoma because, apart from the possibility of being clinically confused with malignant lesions, the clinicopathological differential diagnosis must be made with the proliferating pilomatrixoma and pilomatrixcarcinoma.Pancreatic cancer-melanoma syndrome (PCMS) is an inherited condition in which mutation carriers have an increased risk of malignant melanoma and/or pancreatic cancer. About 30% of PCMS cases carry mutations in CDKN2A. This gene encodes several protein isoforms, one of which, known as p16, regulates the cell-cycle by interacting with CDK4/CDK6 kinases and with several non-CDK proteins. Herein, we report on a novel CDKN2A germline in-frame deletion (c.52_57delACGGCC) found in an Italian family with PCMS. By segregation analysis, the c.52_57delACGGCC was proven to segregate in kindred with cutaneous melanoma (CM), in kindred with CM and pancreatic cancer, and in a single case presenting only with pancreatic cancer. In the literature, duplication mapping in the same genic region has been already reported at the germline level in several unrelated CM cases as a variant of unknown clinical significance. A computational approach for studying the effect of mutational changes over p16 protein structure showed that both the deletion and the duplication of the c.52_57 nucleotides result in protein misfolding and loss of interactors' binding. In conclusion, the present results argue that the quantitative alteration of nucleotides c.52_57 has a pathogenic role in p16 function and that the c.52_57delACGGCC is associated with PCMS.Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare, benign vascular tumor. Although its etiology is not clearly known, infection, hormonal factors, and trauma are the suspected reasons. There are few cases considered to be related to pregnancy described in the literature. Granulomas are rarely seen in the histopathology and only four patients with granulomas have been described. Herein, we will present a 28-year-old woman who has been pregnant three times; in every pregnancy, she developed pink nodular lesions on the back of her ear. In the first two pregnancies, the lesions had appeared during the pregnancy and regressed completely in the postpartum period. In her third pregnancy, the condition emerged again and lasted 1.5 years after birth of her child. Histopathology exhibited ALHE with granulomas. Although the relationship between ALHE and pregnancy is already known, there are few cutaneous ALHE cases associated with pregnancy reported in the literature. This association is further supported by this case having recurrent ALHE during each pregnancy period. Also, the presence of naked granuloma in histopathology, unlike most of the cases, contributes to the current histopathological data.Tuberculosis is a fairly common disease in the United States and around the world, newly infecting ten million people throughout the world per year. Despite the pervasiveness of tuberculosis, cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) rarely manifests worldwide. Tuberculous infections of the skin arise in several distinct variants that can be classified as either multibacillary or paucibacillary; each subtype within these categories presents with its own morphological and histological findings. The diagnosis of CTB can prove clinically challenging as its variants mimic many conditions dermatologist encounter on a daily basis. Additionally, tissue confirmation is difficult. We report a case of CTB which evolved from a lupus vulgaris presentation to the metastatic tuberculous abscess variant.Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign, usually self-limited inflammatory skin dermatosis characterized clinically by pink-red to brown dermal papules or annular plaques. The main histologic feature is the presence of palisading or interstitial granulomas composed of necrobiotic collagen, elastic fibers, and mucin surrounded by a lymphohistiocytic infiltrate. Granuloma annulare is commonly associated with trauma, infections, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, malignancy, thyroid disease, and a variety of medications. Two cases of GA have been reported in association with the use of secukinumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin 17A (IL17A), for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. We report the third case of secukinumab-associated GA in a 52-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus type II, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. After four months of therapy with secukinumab, she presented with pink papules coalescing to plaques involving the antecubital fossae.
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