Notes

Improvement in non-urban and concrete driver-injury severities in highway-rail quality crossing incidents.
Consuming 5 or more cups of fruits and vegetables (F & V) per day or 400 g/day for adults is advocated by most health authorities and has short-term and long-term health benefits. There have been numerous studies examining dietary behaviors among different US populations; however, the literature on F & V consumption behavior among Asian Americans (AAs) is sparse. AAs constitute a diverse group and as their population continues to grow in the US; there is a greater need to examine the health practices of AAs and their constituent subgroups. The study aimed to conduct a thematic analysis based on a scoping review of the peer-reviewed published literature over the past 15 years targeting F & V consumption among AAs. The thematic analysis was organized around the prevalence, consequences, determinants, and interventions (n = 33). AAs consuming recommended servings of F & V ranged from 0.5% to 20%. selleck products Correlations between the consumption of F & V and Body Mass Index (BMI) and other chronic diseases were reported as negative and significant associations were noted between F & V intake and self-reported health. There was only 1 intervention that was conducted with this behavior in only 1 small subgroup of this target population. There is an urgent need to study F & V consumption behavior among different AA subgroups as well as to design culturally appropriate theory-based efficacious F & V promotion interventions for them.
Magnetic resonance texture analysis (MRTA) is a relatively new technique that can be a valuable addition to clinical and imaging parameters in predicting prognosis. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of MRTA for glioblastoma survival using T1 contrast-enhanced (CE) images for texture analysis.

We evaluated the diagnostic performance of multiple machine learning models based on first-order histogram statistical parameters derived from T1-weighted CE images in the survival stratification of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Retrospective evaluation of 85 patients with GBM was performed. Thirty-six first-order texture parameters at six spatial scale filters (SSF) were extracted on the T1 CE axial images for the whole tumor using commercially available research software. Several machine learning classification models (in four broad categories linear, penalized linear, non-linear, and ensemble classifiers) were evaluated to assess the survival prediction performance using optimal features. Principal component analysis was used prior to fitting the linear classifiers in order to reduce the dimensionality of the feature inputs. Fivefold cross-validation was used to partition the data iteratively into training and testing sets. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the diagnostic performance.

The neural network model was the highest performing model with the highest observed AUC (0.811) and cross-validated AUC (0.71). The most important variable was the age at diagnosis, with mean and mean of positive pixels (MPP) for SSF = 0 being the second and third most important, followed by skewness for SSF = 0 and SSF = 4.

First-order texture features, when combined with age at presentation, show good accuracy in predicting GBM survival.
First-order texture features, when combined with age at presentation, show good accuracy in predicting GBM survival.Emotional awareness (EA) is a key emotional process that is related to the presence and severity of chronic pain (CP). In this report, we describe primary and secondary emotions, discuss the distinction between emotional states and emotional regulation/processing, and summarize theory and research highlighting the significance of EA for CP. We describe ways to assess EA and diagnose centrally-mediated CP, for which emotional processes appear most relevant. We review several psychological interventions designed to enhance EA as well as several broader emotional processing treatments developed to address trauma and psychosocial conflicts underlying many patients' pain. We conclude by offering our perspective on how future integration of emotional processing into pain care could promote recovery from CP.
To collect data and gain an understanding of parental satisfaction with and attitudes toward treatment in a pediatric integrated primary care (IPC) model.

Primary data were collected across the United States over the course of a few months.

The 35-item, Parent Acceptance of Pediatric Integrated Care Survey (PAPICS) was developed by a panel of IPC experts. The survey was then distributed through the Qualtrics Panels Service with recruited participants (i.e., parents with children under 18-years-old) receiving a $4.00 incentive for their involvement.

A single exploratory factor analysis was performed along with four factor retention tests and clinical judgment to guide factor selection. A 5-factor structure was selected.

Parents reported a high level of comfort with an IPC model and a favorable attitude toward child therapy, with some concerns regarding psychological stigma and privacy. Notable variation in parents' beliefs regarding one-on-one psychological service delivery were observed.

Results provided evidence for parental openness to an IPC model. Findings also highlighted potential fundamental misunderstandings regarding evidence-based psychological treatment methods for children and adolescents.
Results provided evidence for parental openness to an IPC model. Findings also highlighted potential fundamental misunderstandings regarding evidence-based psychological treatment methods for children and adolescents.Although some studies have focused on immigrants' fear of crime in the United States, it is important to point out that the number of North Korean defectors to South Korea has rapidly increased since the 1990s. Therefore, understanding factors associated with fear of crime for North Korean immigrants, especially female defectors, is important for ensuring their successful transitions into South Korean culture. The present study used existing survey data from a sample of female North Korean defectors to explore factors related to fear of crime. Results indicate that the number of North Korean friends, language proficiency, and patriarchal attitudes toward gender were significant predictors of fear of crime for the North Korean female defectors. Findings are described and discussed as a potential source for policymaking to reduce North Korean immigrants' acculturative stress and fear of crime and to encourage smooth transitions into new cultures.
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