Notes

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The management of brain tumour patients who would like to resume driving is complex, and needs multidisciplinary input and a consensus among treating physicians. The Swiss Neuro-Oncology Society (SwissNOS) and the Swiss Society for Legal Medicine (SGRM) aim to provide guidance on how to assess “fitness-to-drive” of glioblastoma patients and to harmonise the relevant procedures in Switzerland.

At several meetings, Swiss neuro-oncologists discussed common practices on how to advise patients with a stable, i.e., non-progressive, glioblastoma, who wish to resume driving after the initial standard tumour treatment. All participants of the SwissNOS meetings were invited twice to return a questionnaire (modified Delphi process) on specific tools/procedures they commonly use to assess “fitness-to-drive” of their patients. Answers were analysed to formulate a tentative consensus for a structured and reasonable approach.

Consensus on minimum requirements for a “fitness-to-drive” programme for glioblastoma patientness-to-drive” assessments for glioblastoma patients serves as the basis for a prospective Swiss Pilot Project GLIODRIVE (BASEC ProjectID 2020-00365) to test feasibility, adherence and safety in a structured manner for patients who wish to resume driving. Research will focus on confirming the usefulness of the proposed tools in predicting “fitness-to-drive” and match results with events obtained from the road traffic registry (Strassenverkehrsamt).
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a well-established treatment option for hypercapnic respiratory failure; however, the best mode of ventilation remains unknown. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare patients’ adherence to NIV using either pressure support ventilation (PSV) or intelligent volume-assured pressure support (iVAPS).

In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed in- and outpatients suffering from hypercapnic respiratory failure of various aetiologies (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], obese COPD [body mass index >30 kg/m2], obesity hypoventilation syndrome and other diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or interstitial lung disease) after NIV initiation with PSV or iVAPS. Adherence to treatment was compared between these modes using the Wilcoxon test. Within-group differences were tested using linear regression models. Mortality and emergency hospital readmission rates were modelled using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards mo0.16–0. 74; p = 0.007). buy TTNPB Good adherence (>4 h/night and >80% nightly usage) was associated with a lower mortality rate (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.15–0.77; p = 0.010).

In a real-world setting of a mixed population with hypercapnic respiratory failure, iVAPS and PSV seem to be similarly effective in improving gas exchange and demonstrate excellent adherence to treatment. A longer survival was noted in NIV-adherent patients. Randomised controlled studies are necessary to identify patients who might benefit more from hybrid ventilation modes.
In a real-world setting of a mixed population with hypercapnic respiratory failure, iVAPS and PSV seem to be similarly effective in improving gas exchange and demonstrate excellent adherence to treatment. A longer survival was noted in NIV-adherent patients. Randomised controlled studies are necessary to identify patients who might benefit more from hybrid ventilation modes.
Our aim was to explore drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in Switzerland using the real-world data of the global pharmacovigilance database VigiBaseÔ, with a special focus on the new drug class of checkpoint inhibitors. This is the first study investigating drug-related hepatic disorders in Switzerland in a global pharmacovigilance database.

This was a retrospective study analysing the ICSRs (individual case safety reports) of the global pharmacovigilance database VigiBaseÔ. We explored all ICSRs submitted in Switzerland within the last 10 years (1 July 2010 to 30 June 2020). For data extraction, the standardised MedDRA query (SMQ) “narrow drug-related hepatic disorders – severe events only” was applied. The ICSRs, drug-reaction pairs and adverse drug reactions were analysed descriptively, including a special focus on checkpoint inhibitors. For comparing the hepatic adverse drug reactions of pembrolizumab, nivolumab and ipilimumab, the reporting odds ratios ly compare hepatic adverse drug reactions to different checkpoint inhibitors.Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is an efficacious and frequently used treatment of infertility. Multiple births resulting from the widespread practice of transfer of more than one embryo per treatment trial have reached epidemic proportions. Since the revision of the Swiss law on ART in September 2017, up to 12 embryos per couple may now be developed in vitro and cryopreserved in Switzerland. This potentially allows for the selection and transfer of only one embryo to avoid multiple birth with ART. We decided to offer transfer of one embryo to all infertile patients undergoing ART in our institution. In this retrospective cohort study the cumulative pregnancy and live-birth rates after universal transfer of one embryo from January 2018 to December 2019 were analysed. The cumulative pregnancy rate per oocyte collection and up to five transfer cycles was as high as 48.9%, whereas the cumulative live-birth rate reached 33.4% and none were multiple births. These results were age-dependent, with best outcome in patients aged 37 years or younger. When still remaining cryopreserved embryos were taken into account, the cumulative birth-rates could exceed 60% per oocyte collection in all age groups. The consequent adoption of a single embryo transfer significantly reduced the incidence of multiple births in the department of obstetrics and the number of prematurely born infants resulting from multiple pregnancies in the department of neonatology. Universal elective single embryo transfer is feasible in Switzerland, benefits infertile couples treated with ART and reduces the number of multiple births in obstetrics and of newborn children hospitalised into neonatal care.
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