Notes

Epigenetic Changes Impacting the roll-out of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
based body composition, including muscle mass, muscle density, and intermuscular, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissue, showed inconsistent and nonsignificant associations with surgery-related complications, dose-limiting toxicity, and overall survival in older adults with colorectal cancer. This study underscores the need to verify whether CT-based body composition measures are worth implementing in clinical practice. © 2019 The Authors. The Oncologist published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press.The specific targeting of protein-protein interactions by phosphoserine-containing small molecules has been scarce due to the dephosphorylation of phosphoserine and its charged nature at physiological pH, which hinder its uptake into cells. To address these issues, we herein report the synthesis of phosphoserine aryloxy triester phosphoramidates as phosphoserine prodrugs that are enzymatically metabolized to release phosphoserine. This phosphoserine-masking approach was applied to a phosphoserine-containing inhibitor of 14-3-3 dimerization, and the generated prodrugs exhibited improved pharmacological activity. Collectively, this provided a proof of concept that the masking of phosphoserine with biocleavable aryloxy triester phosphoramidate masking groups is a viable intracellular delivery system for phosphoserine-containing molecules. Ultimately, this will facilitate the discovery of phosphoserine-containing small-molecule therapeutics. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal problem. Despite this, much uncertainty still exists regarding diagnosis, prognosis and effectiveness of treatments. One diagnostic challenge is determining the role of the neck when a patient complains of shoulder pain. The aim of this survey was to investigate healthcare professionals' indications for examining the neck in this case and subsequent methods used. METHODS An online survey was developed and distributed via Twitter and the authors' professional networks. Responses were collected over a 4-week period in 2019. RESULTS In total, 918 respondents replied; 804 completed the full survey. The majority were physiotherapists. Over 80% would examine the neck of patients presenting with shoulder pain. The most commonly used method was neck active range-of-movement testing (n = 822/95.3%), followed by neurological examination (n = 713/78.1%). Less commonly used tests were neck resistance testing, palpation of the neck and Spurling's test. Fewer numbers (n = 176/22%) resorted to using diagnostic tests such as imaging. CONCLUSIONS This survey provides some insight as to how healthcare practitioners examine the neck when a patient complains of shoulder pain. Most would examine based on anterolateral shoulder pain, using variable combinations of movement, resistance, neurological and palpation/other testing. A minority would perform diagnostics or imaging. The results of the survey highlight that practice in this area is mixed, which may be due to uncertainty regarding optimal methods. This highlights the need for further work to understand this clinical dilemma better. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Warburg Micro syndrome and Martsolf syndrome are phenotypically overlapping autosomal recessive conditions characterized by multiple organ abnormalities involving the ocular, nervous, and endocrine systems. Warburg Micro syndrome, the more severe of the two conditions, is caused by loss of function mutations in RAB3GAP1, RAB3GAP2, RAB18, and TBC1D20 genes, whereas Martsolf syndrome has been attributed to less damaging mutations in RAB3GAP1 and RAB3GAP2 genes. We report the clinical description and molecular characterization of a consanguineous Iranian family with two siblings, a male and a female, with dysmorphic features, bilateral congenital cataracts, optic nerve atrophy, congenital glaucoma, mild to moderate intellectual disability, seizures, hypogonadism, and mild osteoporosis. Spastic quadriplegia with contractures was observed in the male patient, while the female patient showed only mild hyperreflexia. Magnetic resonance imaging scans performed in the male patient showed a normal brain structure. Both siblings had neither microcephaly nor postnatal growth retardation. Selleck mTOR inhibitor Whole exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous nonsense mutation [c.1060C>T; p.(Arg354Ter)] in the TBC1D20 gene in both siblings and confirmed the heterozygous carrier status of both parents. This report describes a novel mutation in the TBC1D20 gene in two Iranian patients with Martsolf syndrome, further extending the allelic heterogeneity and phenotypic spectrum of this rare condition. The genotype and phenotype of the patients are compared with those of Martsolf syndrome and Warburg Micro syndrome patients reported in the literature. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.2D materials with inherent attributes of structural anisotropy have been well applied in the field of polarization-sensitive photodetection. However, to explore new 2D members with strong polarized-light responses still remains a challenge. Herein, by alloying diamine molecule into the 3D prototype of CsPbBr3 , a new Dion-Jacobson (DJ) type 2D perovskite of (HDA)CsPb2 Br7 (1, where HDA2+ is 1,6-hexamethylenediammonium), containing both inorganic Cs metal and organic cations is designed. The natural anisotropy characteristics of 1 are solidly elucidated by analyzing crystal structure, electric conductivity, and optical properties. Strikingly, distinct polarization-sensitive responses are observed in 1, owing to its strong anisotropy of optical absorption (the ratio of αc /αb ≈ 2.2). Consequently, crystal-based detectors of 1 exhibit fascinating photo-activities to polarized-light, including high detectivity (1.5 × 109 Jones), large dichroism ratio (Iph c /Iph b ≈ 1.6) and fast responding rate (200 µs). All these polarization-sensitive performances along with intriguing phase stability make 1 a potential candidate for polarized-light detection. This work paves a pathway toward new functionalities of DJ-type 2D hybrid perovskites for their future optoelectronic device applications. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/mTOR.html