Notes

[Serum LAPTM4B-35 proteins as being a book diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma].
61, 0.65, 0.75, 0.72, and 0.42-fold, respectively, and lowered the amount of spawning by 52.25%. Overall, these results revealed that GONPs exposure is toxic to the reproduction of B. mori. The underlying mechanism is that oxidative stress due to GONPs causes oxidative damage to DNA, damages ovarian tissues, as well as hinders B. mori development and spawning. Thus, this study provides important experimental data for safety evaluation of reproductive toxicity due to GONPs exposure.
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitous air pollutants, and BaP exposure leads to a risk of respiratory diseases. The oversecretion of airway mucus and high expression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) are associated with common respiratory disorders caused by air pollution. We aimed to investigate the effect of BaP on MUC5AC expression, especially the mechanisms by which BaP induces MUC5AC gene expression.

The human airway epithelial cell NCI-H292 was used to test the effects of BaP on the expression of MUC5AC in vitro. MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression were assessed with real-time quantitative PCR, immunochemistry, and western blotting. Selnoflast A luciferase assay was conducted to detect the activity of the promoter. The total cellular ROS and mitochondrial ROS were measured by corresponding probes. Small-interfering RNAs were used for gene silencing. AhR-overexpressing cell lines were constructed by transfection with AhR overexpression lentivirus.

We found that BaP stimulation upregulated the MUC5AC mRNA and protein levelsdogenous AhR ligand, also upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of MUC5AC. Furthermore, resveratrol treatment inhibited the BaP-induced MUC5AC overexpression, AhR translocation, mitochondrial ROS production and ERK pathway activation.

Here, we highlighted the crucial role of AhR/mitochondrial ROS/ERK pathway activation in BaP-induced MUC5AC overexpression and identified resveratrol as a promising drug to reduce BaP-induced MUC5AC overexpression.
Here, we highlighted the crucial role of AhR/mitochondrial ROS/ERK pathway activation in BaP-induced MUC5AC overexpression and identified resveratrol as a promising drug to reduce BaP-induced MUC5AC overexpression.Microplastics (MPs) and halogenated organic pollutants coexist in ambient water and MPs tend to sorb organic pollutants from surrounding environments. Herein, a study on the sorption behavior of tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) onto four different MPs, namely, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was carried out. Effects of MPs properties and environmental factors, including the type, surface charge and pore volume as well as the ionic strength (Ca2+) and humic acid (HA) on the sorption of TBBPA were discussed. Results showed that the sorption of TBBPA onto the MPs could reached an equilibrium within 24 h, and the sorption capacities decreased in the following order -PVC (101.85 mg kg-1) >PS (78.95 mg kg-1) >PP (58.57 mg kg-1) >PE (49.43 mg kg-1). Adsorption kinetics data fitted by intraparticle diffusion model revealed both surface sorption and intraparticle diffusion contributed, in the interfacial diffusion stage approximately 11-29% of TBBPA slowly diffused onto the surface of the MPs, and finally, in the intraparticle diffusion stage. The increase of Ca2+ concentration could promote the sorption of TBBPA by PE, PP, and PS, but no significant alteration for PVC. For all the four MPs, HA was found to exert a negative effect on TBBPA sorption. The adsorption was mainly driven by hydrophobic partition and electrostatic interactions.Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) has been linked with mortality and morbidity. Little evidence is available regarding the relation between CO and years of life lost (YLL). Using data from 48 major cities in China from 2013 to 2017, we applied generalized additive models and random effects meta-analyses to explore the effects of CO on YLL from various diseases. Stratified analyses and meta-regression were performed to estimate potential effect modifications of demographic factors, regions, meteorological factors, co-pollutants, urbanization rate, economic level and health service level. Additional life gains due to avoidable YLL under certain scenario were also evaluated. Results indicated that a 1-mg/m³ increase of CO concentrations (lagged over 0-3 d), was associated with 2.08% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35%, 2.80%), 2.35% (95% CI 1.39%, 3.30%), 1.47% (95% CI -0.01%, 2.93%), 2.28% (95% CI 1.09%, 3.47%), 2.42% (95% CI 1.31%, 3.54%), 2.09% (95% CI 0.47%, 3.72%) increments in daily YLL from non-accidental caue heterogeneity of both individual- and city-level characteristics should be considered for relevant intervention. These findings may have significant public health implications for the reduction of CO-attributed disease burden in China.Lead (Pb) is a pervasive global contaminant that interferes with sensitive windows for neurological development and causes oxidative damage to tissues. The effects of moderate and high exposure to Pb have been well-studied in birds, but whether low-level early-life exposure to Pb influences adult phenotype remains unclear. Female songbirds use a male's song and coloration to discriminate between high- and low-quality males. Therefore, if early-life exposure to Pb disrupts song learning ability or shifts the allocation of antioxidant pigments away from colorful secondary sexual traits, male birds exposed to Pb may be less attractive to females. We exposed developing zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) to Pb-contaminated drinking water (100 or 1000 parts per billion [ppb]) after hatching (days 0-100). Once male finches reached adulthood (120-150 days post hatch), we measured song learning ability, coloration of bill and cheek patches, and volume of song nuclei in the brain. We also measured female preference for Pb-exposed males relative to control males. Finally, we measured motoric and spatial cognitive performance in male and female finches to assess whether cognitive traits differed in their sensitivity to Pb exposure. Male zebra finches exposed to 1000 ppb Pb had impaired song learning ability, reduced volume of song nuclei, bills with less redness and received less attention from females. Additionally, Pb exposure impaired motoric performance in both male and female finches but did not affect performance in a spatial cognitive task. Adult finches exposed to Pb-contaminated water had higher blood-Pb levels, though in all cases blood-Pb levels were below 7.0 µg dL-1. This study suggests that low-level exposure to Pb contributes to cognitive deficits that persist into adulthood and may indirectly influence fitness by altering secondary sexual traits and reducing male attractiveness.
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