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Adenosine-A medicine using assortment utility in the diagnosis and treatment regarding arrhythmias.
nterview.BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of schizophrenia in different categories of persons (directly and/or indirectly) involved with it. Hypotheses were made concerning the definition of a multi-class structure where each class should identify a profile characteristic of each respondent's specific role, (e.g. click here mental health professional, relative, patient, and student) and specific indicators of schizophrenia (e.g. causal beliefs, eligible treatments, social distance, perceived dangerousness and public avoidance). METHODS This study involved 577 participants all in contact with schizophrenia with different roles. A Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to define a latent structure of schizophrenia aspects. Such structure was expected be affected by the interaction between respondents' roles, as external variable, and schizophrenia indicators as manifest variables. RESULTS A four-latent-class structure representing the four respondents' roles was evidenced, further each class was characterized by schizophrenia indicators representing a profile for each role. Analogies and differences of views and preferences of the respondents' roles concerning schizophrenia emerged clearly. CONCLUSIONS The four groups of people involved with schizophrenia with different roles demonstrated to interact significantly with specific indicators of schizophrenia shedding new lights on the understanding of schizophrenia in its complexity.BACKGROUND To investigate the protective effect of Ixeris Sonchifolia (Bae.) Hance (ISH) extract on herpes simplex virus keratitis (HSK) in mice. METHODS A mouse model of HSK was established by inoculating 60 mice (60 right eyes) with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) by corneal scratch. The other 15 mice as blank control only received corneal scratch but without HSV-1. From the 2nd day after the successful modeling, the experimental group was fed with ISH total flavonoids (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) orally, twice a day for 14 days. The model group and control group were given the same amount of normal saline. The pathological changes of cornea were observed once a day by slit lamp microscopy combined with fluorescein staining. The corneal histopathological examination, the survival status and the serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-gama (INF-γ) were performed at the end of the experiment. RESULTS The result showed that ISH could significantly improve the corneal lesion degree, increase mice survival rate, and markedly increase the levels of IL-2 and INF-γ, reduce the levels of IL-4 in serum of mice. CONCLUSIONS ISH could increase the anti-virus ability, promote the healing of corneal inflammation and alleviate the pathological damage of cornea, which suggested that ISH has a potential and valuable therapeutic effect on the HSK.BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends three or more doses of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) to mitigate the negative effects of malaria in pregnancy (MIP). Many pregnant women in Malawi are not receiving the recommended number of doses. Community delivery of IPTp (cIPTp) is being piloted as a new approach to increase coverage. This survey assessed recently pregnant women's knowledge of MIP and their experiences with community health workers (CHWs) prior to implementing cIPTp. METHODS Data were collected via a household survey in Ntcheu and Nkhata Bay Districts, Malawi, from women aged 16-49 years who had a pregnancy resulting in a live birth in the previous 12 months. Survey questions were primarily open response and utilized review of the woman's health passport whenever possible. Analyses accounted for selection weighting and clustering at the health facility level and explored heterogeneity between districts. RESULTS A total of 370 wometo be assisted by a CHW, had better knowledge, and were more likely to receive IPTp3+ . Increasing CHW focus on the dangers of MIP and implementing cIPTp has the potential to increase IPTp coverage.BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex pulmonary disease. Cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 2 (CYP4F2) belongs to cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes responsible for metabolism, its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were reported to be involved in metabolism in the development of many diseases. The study aimed to assess the relation between CYP4F2 SNPs and COPD risk in the Hainan Han population. METHOD We genotyped five SNPs in CYP4F2 in 313 cases and 508 controls by Agena MassARRAY assay. The association between CYP4F2 SNPs and COPD risk were assessed by χ2 test and genetic models. Besides, logistic regression analysis was introduced into the calculation for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Allele model analysis indicated that rs3093203 A was significantly correlated with an increased risk of COPD. Also, rs3093193 G and rs3093110 G were associated with a reduced COPD risk. In the genetic models, we found that rs3093203 was related to an increased COPD risk, while rs3093193 and rs3093110 were related to a reduced risk of COPD. After gender stratification, rs3093203, rs3093193 and rs3093110 showed the association with COPD risk in males. With smoking stratification, rs3093144 was significantly associated with an increased risk of COPD in smokers. CYP4F2 SNPs were significantly associated with COPD risk. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrated potential associations between CYP4F2 polymorphisms and COPD risk. However, large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to determine conclusively the association between the CYP4F2 SNPs and COPD risk.BACKGROUND The endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of periodontal tissue homeostasis. Synthetic cannabinoid methanandamide (Meth-AEA) has improved stability and affinity to cannabinoid receptors compared to its endogenous analog anandamide. In the present study, we investigated the effect of methanandamide on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in primary human periodontal ligament cells (hPdLCs). METHODS hPdLCs were treated with Meth-AEA for 24 h, and the resulting production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 was measured in the absence or the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, the effect of Meth-AEA on the proliferation/viability of hPdLCs was measured by the MTT method. RESULTS Methanandamide at a concentration of 10 μM significantly inhibited P. gingivalis LPS induced production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1. Basal production of IL-6 and IL-8 was slightly enhanced by 10 μM Meth-AEA. No effect of Meth-AEA on the basal production of MCP-1 was observed.
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