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The result showed that as much as 48.2% of SUP medications were given to the patients in inappropriate regimentation. Of that number, all ranitidine injection were inappropriately regimented. On the contrary all omeprazole injection dose units were appropriately regimented, meanwhile the amount of appropriate regimentation of sucralfate suspension were 74.6%.
According to ASHP standard, the SUP drugs in the inpatient surgery room at Dr. Soetomo Hospital were mostly given in inappropriate regimentation. Further research is needed to explore how will those inappropriate regimentation affect on the efficacy of therapy in the patients.
According to ASHP standard, the SUP drugs in the inpatient surgery room at Dr. Soetomo Hospital were mostly given in inappropriate regimentation. Further research is needed to explore how will those inappropriate regimentation affect on the efficacy of therapy in the patients.
Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective controllers of asthma, although asthmatics vary in their response. FKBP51 is a major component of the glucocorticoid receptor which regulates its responses to corticosteroids. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the role of FKBP5 gene polymorphism in asthma susceptibility and corticosteroid resistance.
DNA was extracted from the blood of 68 asthmatic and 40 control subjects. FKBP5 gene fragments were amplified by PCR and sequenced by the Sanger method. The sequencing results were aligned by mapping on the reference sequences of National center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were checked. Finally, the genotype, allele frequency and odds ratio (OR) were calculated.
The FKBP5 fragment sequencing revealed the presence of rs1360780 and one novel SNP found in 17 samples taken from asthmatic patients as compared to db SNP data in the NCBI database. The FKBP5 variant (rs1360780) indicated that the allele frequency of risk allele T was 41.18% in patients and 20% in control group members p<0.001 and OR=2.8 when compared to a wild C allele frequency of 58.82% in patients and 64% in the control group members. The novel SNP FKBP5 was compared to the SNP database in the NCBI database in which wild T allele was substituted with G. The novel SNP was submitted to the ClinVar Submission Portal at NCBI with accession number rs1581842283 and confirmed an asthma susceptibility risk factor with allele G frequency of 11.76% in asthmatics and 2.5% in the control group members (OR=5.2, p<0.05), as compared to a wild T allele frequency of 88.24% in asthmatics and 97.5% in the control group members.
The risk allele T of rs1360780 and the novel SNP rs1581842283 risk allele G predict asthma susceptibility but show no association with corticosteroid resistant.
The risk allele T of rs1360780 and the novel SNP rs1581842283 risk allele G predict asthma susceptibility but show no association with corticosteroid resistant.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease characterized by confusion, behavior changes, decline in memory and cognitive skills. One of the strategies in the treatment of AD is to use acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. The current study aims to determine the AChE inhibitory activities of the extract and fractions of the root of
.
Extraction was carried out by maceration method using ethanol, followed by liquid-liquid partition using
-hexane, ethyl acetate and
-butanol. Further fractionation was conducted by using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC). The AChE inhibitory assays were performed by using Ellmann's method. Phytochemical screening was carried out by TLC method.
The ethanolic extract of
showed inhibition against AChE enzyme with an IC
value of 7.46μg/mL. The extract and fractions showed higher inhibition against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) compared to AChE. Amongst three fractions obtained, the
-butanol fraction showed the strongest inhibition with an IC
value of 5.99μg/mL against AChE. VLC fractionation of the
-butanol fraction yielded 13 subfractions (VLC 1-VLC 13). Four out of 13 subfractions gave more than 80% inhibition against AChE, namely subfractions 4-7, with IC
values ranging from 4.87 to 47.22μg/mL. The phytochemical screening of these subfractions suggested the presence of alkaloids.
The ethanolic extract, as well as fractions of
root, are potential for AChE inhibitor. The alkaloid compound may be responsible for this activity.
The ethanolic extract, as well as fractions of R. serpentina root, are potential for AChE inhibitor. The alkaloid compound may be responsible for this activity.
The sugarcane leaf is rich inphytochemical content. It is rarely used because it is a waste although it has potential activity as antimutation, anti inflammation, and antioxidation. There is no study about its hepatoprotective activity yet. This study was conducted to determine the hepatoprotection of sugarcane leaves in tested animals with liver acute injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl
).
Twenty-four Wistar strain rats were divided into three groups of experimental animals (dose 300, 400, and 500mg/kg) and three control groups (normal, positive, and negative). The ethanol extract of sugarcane leaves obtained from Panti, Jember, was made using the maceration method. The animals were treated for 14days by giving the extract to the treatment group. 17a-Hydroxypregnenolone supplier One hour after treatment on the last day, the test animals were given CCl
intraperitoneally except for the normal group. On the 15th day, the blood of the test animal was taken to be tested for the biochemical value of the liver (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin) and examined for its liver to be made histological preparations.
The results showed that the treatment with a dose of 500mg/kg was able to decrease AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin parameters compared to the negative control. The extract also provided improvements in liver tissue histology compared to the negative control.
Sugarcane leaf ethanol extract (SCLE) has a potential hepatoprotective effect.
Sugarcane leaf ethanol extract (SCLE) has a potential hepatoprotective effect.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/17-oh-preg.html
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