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Aim of this study is to report the trauma workload during COVID19 lockdown in a region of four million people and to compare it with the same period in 2019.

The regional register for A&E admissions and hospitalizations has been reviewed in order to compare the number of A&D admission, the triage colour codes rates, aetiology of trauma, number of patients hospitalized for trauma, number of fractures that required surgery, type of fractures and injuries and mean patients' age.

During lockdown 7314 patients were admitted in A&E, while 22,508 patients were admitted in 2019. In 2020 and 2019 triage codes were respectively distributed as follows red code 0.1% vs 0.2%, yellow code 8.9% vs 6.3%, green code 84% vs 84.7% and white code 6% vs 8.8%. (p=0.042). The number of hospitalized patients for trauma was 670 in 2020, while in 2019 was 1774 (p=0.02). The most common fracture that required surgery was femur fracture (409 in 2020 vs 635 in 2019); fracture subtype distribution and mean age of the patients were significantly different in the two groups (respectively p<0.01 and p=0.02).

One month of lockdown showed a 68% decrease inthe number of A&E visits and a 74% decrease of fractures that required surgery. Femurfractureshowed the lowest decrease moving from 635 to 409 units but increasing their incidence rate (42 to 61%).
One month of lockdown showed a 68% decrease in the number of A&E visits and a 74% decrease of fractures that required surgery. Femur fracture showed the lowest decrease moving from 635 to 409 units but increasing their incidence rate (42 to 61%).
To identify factors associated with (perceived) access to health care among (ex-)breast cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cross-sectional study within a large prospective, multicenter cohort of (ex-)breast cancer patients, i.e., UMBRELLA. All participants enrolled in the UMBRELLA cohort between October 2013 and April 2020 were sent a COVID-19-specific survey, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire.

In total, 1051 (66.0%) participants completed the survey. During COVID-19, 284 (27.0%) participants reported clinically relevant increased levels of anxiety and/or depression, i.e., total HADS score ≥ 12. Participants with anxiety and/or depression reported statistically significant higher barriers to contact their general practitioner (47.5% vs. 25.0%, resp.) and breast cancer physicians (26.8% vs. 11.2%, resp.) compared to participants without these symptoms. In addition, a higher proportion of participants with anxiety and/or depression reported that their currVID-19 are pre-existent symptoms of anxiety or depression. Extra attention-including mental health support-is needed for this group.
The accuracy of biomarker assessment in breast cancer (BC) is paramount for therapy decisions and informs prognosis. We investigated neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response in HER2-positive BC with respect to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) results. We aimed to determine the role of HER2 protein expression in predicting NAC response and long-term outcome in two HER2-positive groups IHC 3 + versus IHC 2 + ISH amplified groups.

This retrospective study included 192 consecutive HER2 + primary BCs diagnosed from 2007 to 2019 treated with NAC and HER2-targeted agent (NACH). There were 158 HER2 3 + and 34 HER2 2 + ISH + cases. Clinicopathological parameters and long-term outcomes were analyzed.

The Pathological Complete Response (pCR) rate was 85.7% (72/84) in ER-/HER2 + BCs and was lower in ER + /HER2 + BCs (42.6%, 46/108). The pCR was 55.1% (86/156) in the HER2 3 + group and was only 17.6% in HER2 2 + ISH + group (p < 0.001). Patients who achieved pCR in HER2 2 + ISH + group did not show a significantly higher HER2/CEP17 ratio or HER2 copy number. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were significantly higher in pCR compared to non-pCR cases (p = 0.011 and p = 0.015, respectively).

There is significant heterogeneity in response to the NACH regimens in HER2 + cases. Our findings indicate that HER2 IHC score and ER expression determine NACH response in HER2 + BC. We recommend considering HER2 protein expression and ISH value to better select patients and assess the response for HER2-targeted therapy.
There is significant heterogeneity in response to the NACH regimens in HER2 + cases. Our findings indicate that HER2 IHC score and ER expression determine NACH response in HER2 + BC. We recommend considering HER2 protein expression and ISH value to better select patients and assess the response for HER2-targeted therapy.Proteases secreted from bacteria into soil play a key role in the degradation of organic nitrogen, which is the first and, usually, the rate-limiting step of nitrogen cycling. However, the diversity of protease-producing bacteria and their excreted proteases in Antarctic soil have not yet been fully explored. Here we studied 20 soil samples from the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and isolated 253 strains with protease activity. These protease-producing bacteria belonged to the phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Deinococcus-Thermus. Thhe predominant genera were Arthrobacter (14.9%), Chryseobacterium (14.5%), Flavobacterium (14.5%), and Pseudomonas (14.5%). Most of these bacteria secreted serine proteases and metalloproteases. find more There was quite a large distribution in activity as quantified by protease and inhibition assays. Only a few strains secreted aspartic and/or cysteine proteases. Together these data provided novel insight into the diversity and mechanism of organic nitrogen degradation in Antarctic soils by various proteases, which may have potential in new biotechnological applications.An endophytic actinobacterium, strain PIP199T, was isolated from a root sample of a native apricot growing on the Bedford Park campus of Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia. The result of a polyphasic study showed that this strain was identified as a new member of the genus Amycolatopsis. Strain PIP199T is an aerobic actinobacterium with well-developed substrate mycelia and aerial mycelia that form short chains of spores. Amycolatopsis keratiniphila subsp. keratiniphila DSM 44409T (99.7%), Amycolatopsis lurida DSM 43134T (99.6%) and Amycolatopsis keratiniphila subsp. nogabecina DSM 44586T (99.4%) shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. A. keratiniphila subsp. keratiniphila DSM 44409T and A. lurida DSM 43134T were the closest phylogenetic neighbors. Chemotaxonomic data including major fatty acids, cell wall components and major menaquinones confirmed the affiliation of strain PIP199T to the genus Amycolatopsis. The phylogenetic analysis, physiological and biochemical studies and genomic study, allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain PIP199T and the closely related species with valid names.
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