Notes

Keeping Parallel Second-rate Vena Cava Filter In the course of Emergent Available Lung Thromboembolectomy.
In summer 2016 a severe infestation of the alien ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus compactus was recorded from the Mediterranean maquis in the Circeo National Park in Central Italy. Clofarabine Trees and shrubs were infested and displayed wilting and necrosis of terminal branches caused by the combined impact of the insect and associated pathogenic fungi. A preliminary screening carried out on captured adults resulted in the isolation of a discrete number of fungal taxa with different life strategies, ranging from true mutualist (e.g. Ambrosiella xylebori) to plant pathogens (Fusarium spp.). In the present study, high-throughput sequencing was applied to determine the total diversity and functionality of the fungal community associated with X. compactus adults collected in the galleries of three Mediterranean woody hosts, Quercus ilex, Laurus nobilis, and Ceratonia siliqua. The effect of season and host in determining the composition of the associated fungal community was investigated. A total of 206 OTUs composed the fungal community associated with X. compactus. Eighteen OTUs were shared among the three hosts, including A. xylebori and members of the Fusarium solani complex. All but two were previously associated with beetles. Sixty-nine out of 206 OTUs were resolved to species level, identifying 60 different fungal species, 22 of which already reported in the literature as associated with beetles or other insects. Functional guild assigned most of the fungal species to saprotrophs and plant pathogens. Effects of seasonality and host on fungal community assemblage were highlighted suggesting the acquisition by the insect of new fungal taxa during the invasion process. The consequences of enriched fungal community on the risk of the insurgence of novel threatful insect-fungus association are discussed considering direct and indirect effects on the invaded habitat.As the universal methyl donor for methylation reactions, S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) plays an indispensable role in most cellular metabolic processes. AdoMet is synthesized by AdoMet synthetase. We identified the only one AdoMet synthetase (PoSasA) in filamentous fungus Penicillium oxalicum. PoSasA was widely distributed in mycelium at different growth stages. The absence of PoSasA was lethal for P. oxalicum. The misregulation of the PoSasA encoding gene affected the synthesis of extracellular cellulolytic enzymes. The expression levels of cellobiohydrolase encoding gene cbh1/cel7A, β-1-4 endoglucanase eg1/cel7B, and xylanase encoding gene xyn10A were remarkably downregulated as a result of decreased PosasA gene expression. The production of extracellular cellulases and hemicellulases was also reduced. By contrast, the overexpression of PosasA improved the production of extracellular cellulases and hemicellulases. A total of 133 putative interacting proteins with PoSasA were identified using tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry. The results of functional enrichment on these proteins showed that they were mainly related to ATP binding, magnesium ion binding, and ATP synthetase activity. Several methyltransferases were also observed among these proteins. These results were consistent with the intrinsic feature of AdoMet synthetase. This work reveals the indispensable role of PoSasA in various biological processes.
Healthcare access has changed drastically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Elective medical procedures, including routine office visits, were restricted raising concerns regarding opioid and benzodiazepine provider and prescription availability.

To examine how the cancelation of elective medical procedures due to COVID-19 impacted the dispensing of opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions in Texas.

Interrupted time series analyses were preformed to examine changes in prescription trends for opioids and benzodiazepines before and after the restriction on elective medical procedures. Samples of patients who filled an opioid or benzodiazepine prescription from January 5, 2020 to May 12, 2020 were identified from the Texas Prescription Monitoring Program. Elective medical procedures were restricted starting March 23, 2020 indicating the beginning of the intervention period.

Restricting elective procedures was associated with a significant decrease in the number of patients (β=-6029, 95%CI=-8810.40, -3246.72) and prescribers (β=-2784, 95%CI=-3671.09, -1896.19) filling and writing opioid prescriptions, respectively. Also, the number of patients filling benzodiazepine prescriptions decreased significantly (β=-1982, 95%CI=-3712.43, -252.14) as did the number of prescribers (β=-708.62, 95%CI=-1190.54, -226.71).

Restricting elective procedures resulted in a large care gap for patients taking opioid or benzodiazepine prescriptions.
Restricting elective procedures resulted in a large care gap for patients taking opioid or benzodiazepine prescriptions.
Community pharmacists and their teams are easy accessible healthcare providers with an important role in primary care. As a consequence of the COVID-19 epidemic, (pharmaceutical) care and specifically communication between patients and healthcare providers is compromised.

To describe the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the provision of pharmaceutical care in the Netherlands.

A cross-sectional study with an online questionnaire was sent to community pharmacies in the Netherlands. The questionnaire covered the following main topics changes in pharmacy setting and logistic procedures, communication about medication and baseline characteristics.

Pharmacies implemented hygiene measures and minimized direct patient-provider contact, e.g. by delivering medication at home to a wider range of patients (47.0%), temporarily not conducting medication reviews (55.8%) and only performing inhalation instructions via telephone (22.3%). Only a small number of pharmacies used telepharmacy, such as video calling during patient education and counseling. A total of 76.7% of the participants expressed concerns towards the pharmaceutical care for vulnerable patients.

Our results show considerable impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on both logistic procedures and services regarding patient education and counseling. Pharmacies should be stimulated to implement telepharmacy or remote service to optimally support patients during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Our results show considerable impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on both logistic procedures and services regarding patient education and counseling. Pharmacies should be stimulated to implement telepharmacy or remote service to optimally support patients during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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