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Fatal along with nonfatal gun incidents inside the eastern Democratic Republic involving Congo: a new hospital-based retrospective detailed cohort study assessing fits involving mature fatality.
© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.The relationship between the elastic property of solid materials and friction has been discussed and studied by theoretical calculation and analysis. In the present work, we perform an experimental study concerning this relationship. AFM scanning of four different transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is conducted under different experimental conditions. It is found that materials with smaller vertical interlayer force constant, which also means smaller elasticity modulus, have larger friction. check details We attribute this phenomenon to larger elastic deformation in softer materials, which results in larger obstacle to the motion of AFM tips. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Although TiO2 is widely used as a promising electrode material for supercapacitor, its potential application suffers from a critical limitation due to its poor electrical conductivity and low rate capability. Here, we report a cost-effective hydrothermal strategy to design and construct novel "single-crystal-like" C-doped TiO2 electrode material. The as-synthesized electrode material combines the advantages of TiO2, "single-crystal-like" (SCL) feature and carbon doping, considerably improving the electrical conductivity of TiO2. The electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the C-doped TiO2 material presents an excellent specific capacitance (449.8 F g-1 at 1 A g-1), which approaches six times than the value (77.3 F g-1 at 1A g-1) of P25 electrode, and far beyond the value of many previously reported TiO2 electrodes. Therefore, this work explores a new method to design highly electrochemical TiO2 electrode materials by incorporating other dopants into the TiO2 lattice. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.In field-effect transistors (FETs), when the thickness of the semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) channel exceeds the maximum depletion depth, the entire region cannot be completely controlled by a single-gate electric field. The layer-to-layer carrier transitions between the van der Waals interacted TMD layers result in the extraordinary anisotropic carrier transport in the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. The performance of the TMD FETs can be largely enhanced by optimizing the thickness of the TMD channel as well as increasing the effective channel area through which the gate field is delivered. In this study, we investigated the carrier behavior and device performance in double-gate FETs fabricated using a 57 nm thick MoS2, which is thicker than the maximum depletion depth of about 50 nm, and a much thinner 4 nm thick MoS2. The results showed that in the thick MoS2, the gate voltages at both ends formed two independent channels which had no synergistic effect on the device performance owing to the inefficient delivery of the vertical electric field. On the other hand, in the thin MoS2channel, the double-gate voltages effectively controlled one channel, resulting in twice the carrier mobility and operation in a low electric field region, i.e., below 0.2 MV·cm-1. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Diabetes, as a chronic disease, can seriously affect human health. Therefore, it is important to develop a fast and high sensitive enzyme-free glucose sensor for the treatment of diabetes.In this work, the homogeneous NiCo2O4 nanowire arrays were orderly synthesized on the flexible carbon cloth (CC) by a facile hydrothermal method. Then the well-structured ZIF-67 nanocubes were grown in-situ on the as-prepared NiCo2O4 nanowires to form a hybrid nanoarchitecture. The hierarchical structure was transformed into Co3O4/NiCo2O4/CC composite after annealing in the air. The as-prepared electrode was put into 0.1M NaOH, and the cyclic voltammetry and amperometry were employed to investigate its electrocatalytic properties at room temperature. It was found that such Co3O4/NiCo2O4/CC electrode exhibited outstanding sensing properties towards glucose, including terrific sensitivity (12.835 mA mM-1 cm-2), wide linear range (form 1 μM to 1.127 mM), low detection limit (0.64 μM) and fast response time (within 2 s). In addition, it also presents excellentselectivity, reproducibility and stability. The enzyme-free glucose sensing improvement, in addition to the high porosity and large specific surface area of metal organic framework-derived (MOF-derived) Co3O4hollow nanocubes, can be attributed to the NiCo2O4 nanowire arrays affording fast channels for electron transferring between CC and Co3O4. Accordingly, this method that directly prepares hierarchical composite nanomaterials on the conductive substrate may open up a new perspective for the enhancement of non-enzymatic glucose sensing properties. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.High quality and high quantity few-layer graphene was successfully prepared by a new impinging jets method. Natural graphite flakes were first agitated in N-Methyl Pyrrolidone with the assistance of supercritical CO2, then the half-exfoliated graphite was further stripped by the shear stress derived from the impinging jets. After the energy conversion and the stress analysis of the graphite particle during the whole exfoliation process, it revealed that the size of target mesh, the distance between the nozzle and the target, the decompression rate and the raw materials size have a significant influence on the exfoliation process. Additionally, a microscopic view of the exfoliation and dispersion mechanism of graphene in CO2-NMP was investigated by molecular dynamic simulation, CO2 was found to be beneficial for the penetration of NMP into the graphite sheets. Finally, the concentration and quality characteristics of the prepared graphene were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscope. The maximum concentration was as high as 0.689mg/mL, the thickness of 68% of the product was less than 2.5nm, and the lateral dimension was from 0.5-3.0μm. These results indicated that the method was promising in large-scale industrial production. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Uranium compounds are used as fissile materials in nuclear reactors. In present day reactors the most used nuclear fuel is uranium dioxide, but in generation-IV reactors other compounds are also being considered, such as uranium carbide and uranium mononitride. Upon possible accidents where the coolant would not circulate or be lost the core of the reactor would reach very high temperatures, and therefore it is essential to understand the behaviour of the nuclear fuel under such conditions for proper risk assessment. We consider here molten metallic uranium at several temperatures ranging from 1455 to 2050 K. Even though metallic uranium is not a candidate for nuclear fuel it could nevertheless be produced due to the thermochemical instability of uranium nitride at high temperatures. We use first principles techniques to analyse the behaviour of this system and obtain basic structural and dynamic properties, as well as some thermodynamic and transport properties, including atomic diffusion and viscosity. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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