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Sex-specific connection between neonatal progestin receptor antagonism in teenager cultural enjoy behavior throughout rats.
The ideal modality for generating sensation in sensorimotor brain computer interfaces (BCI) has not been determined. Here we report the feasibility of using a high-density "mini"-electrocorticography (mECoG) grid in a somatosensory BCI system. Thirteen subjects with intractable epilepsy underwent standard clinical implantation of subdural electrodes for the purpose of seizure localization. An additional high-density mECoG grid was placed (Adtech, 8 by 8, 1.2-mm exposed, 3-mm center-to-center spacing) over the hand area of primary somatosensory cortex. Following implantation, cortical mapping was performed with stimulation parameters of frequency 50 Hz, pulse-width 250 µs, pulse duration 4 s, polarity alternating, and current that ranged from 0.5 mA to 12 mA at the discretion of the epileptologist. Location of the evoked sensory percepts was recorded along with a description of the sensation. The hand was partitioned into 48 distinct boxes. A box was included if sensation was felt anywhere within the box. The percentage of the hand covered was 63.9% (± 34.4%) (mean ± s.d.). Mean redundancy, measured as electrode pairs stimulating the same box, was 1.9 (± 2.2) electrodes per box; and mean resolution, measured as boxes included per electrode pair stimulation, was 11.4 (± 13.7) boxes with 8.1 (± 10.7) boxes in the digits and 3.4 (± 6.0) boxes in the palm. Functional utility of the system was assessed by quantifying usable percepts. Under the strictest classification, "dermatomally exclusive" percepts, the mean was 2.8 usable percepts per grid. Allowing "perceptually unique" percepts at the same anatomical location, the mean was 5.5 usable percepts per grid. Compared to the small area of coverage and redundancy of a microelectrode system, or the poor resolution of a standard ECoG grid, a mECoG is likely the best modality for a somatosensory BCI system with good coverage of the hand and minimal redundancy. Selleckchem Oxyphenisatin © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.The etch characteristics of Si and TiO2nanostructures for optical devices were investigated using pulse biased inductively coupled plasmas (ICP) with SF2/C4F8/Ar and BCl3/Ar, respectively, and the results were compared with those etched using continuous wave (CW) biased ICP. By using pulse biasing compared to CW biasing in the etching in the line/pillar nanostructures of various aspect ratios, the reduction of aspect ratio dependent etching (ARDE), therefore, uniform etch depths for nanostructures with different pattern widths, and the improvement of the etch profiles without notching were obtained not only for silicon nanostructures but also for TiO2nanostructures. It is investigated that the improvement of etch profiles and less ARDE effect by using pulse biasing are related to the decreased surface charging by neutralization of the surface and the improved radical adsorption (or etch byproduct removal) on the etched surfaces during the pulse-off period for the pulse biasing compared to CW biasing. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Latent heat storage using organic phase change materials (PCMs) have the potential to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand in energy. However, the usage of PCMs is compromised by deficiencies including liquid leakage during liquidation and solidification, poor thermal conductivity and inferior thermal stability. Herein, we successfully fabricated a series of novel form-stable phase change materials (FSPCMs), using the polyolefin elastomer (POE) along with the octadecylamine-functionalized graphene (C18-rGO) acted as the supporting networks and paraffin as the thermal energy storage material. The octadecyl chain incorporated on the surface graphene not only prevented from the graphene aggregation, but also endowed excellent structural stability to the composite FSPCMs. Meanwhile, the toughness of the composites was further improved with the addition of POE. Paraffin was tightly imprisoned in the frameworks formed by POE and the C18-rGO, resulting in no leakage even above their phase change temperature. As expected, the composite FSPCMs demonstrated reliable thermal stability and high thermal energy storage capacity. In particular, the composite FSPCMs was capable of absorbing or releasing stored thermal energy at a high rate, illustrating a great potential to be used as the effective thermal energy storage and thermal management systems. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Surface passivation of semiconductor nanowires (NWs) is important for their optoelectronic properties and applications. Here, thein situpassivation effect of an epitaxial InP shell and the corresponding photodetector performance is experimentally studied. Compared with the unpassivated GaAsxSb1-xcore-only NWs, the GaAsxSb1-x/InP core/shell NWs have shown much stronger photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence intensities. Correspondingly, the fabricated single GaAsxSb1-x/InP core/shell NW photodetector shows a responsivity of 325.1 A/W (@ 1.3 μm and 1.5 V) that is significantly enhanced compared to that of single GaAsxSb1-xcore-only NW photodetectors (143.5 A/W), with a comparable detectivity of 4.7×1010and 5.3×1010cm√Hz/W, respectively. This is ascribed to the enhanced carrier mobility and carrier concentration by thein situpassivation, which lead to both higher photoconductivity and dark-conductivity. Our results show thatin situpassivation is an effective approach for performance enhancement of GaAsxSb1-xNW based optoelectronic devices. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.This paper describes a novel time series storage solution specifically targeted at physiological waveforms and other associated clinical and medical device data. The system, called AtriumDB, is designed to serve as a data source for high performance computing systems and provides an Application Programming Interface (API) for functional, rapid data retrieval. The database has a minimal storage footprint, facilitating cost-effective long-term storage of high frequency physiological data at full resolution. A prototype system has been recording data in a 42-bed pediatric critical care unit at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario since February 2016. As of December 2019, the database contains over 720,000 patient-hours of data collected from over 5300 patients, all with complete waveform capture. Using our approach one year of full resolution physiological waveform storage from a unit of this size can be stored in less than 300GB of disk space and can deliver retrospective data to analytical applications at a rate of up to 50 million time-value pairs per second.
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