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Effect of Youth Stress on Prize Circuit Perform and Regulation.
In the discussion of results, the behavior of our 3D system between that of the mean-field and that of the 2D one is bracketed and the role of the Potts point is clarified.We study the effect of polarization in Axelrod's model of cultural dissemination. This is done through the introduction of a cultural feature that takes only two values, while the other features can present a larger number of possible traits. Our numerical results and mean-field approximations show that polarization reduces the characteristic phase transition of the original model to a finite-size effect, since at the thermodynamic limit only the ordered phase is present. Furthermore, for finite system sizes, the stationary state depends on the percolation threshold of the network where the model is implemented a polarized phase is obtained for percolation thresholds below 1/2, and a fragmented multicultural one otherwise.We present the algorithm for generating strictly saturated random sequential adsorption packings built of rounded polygons. It can be used in studying various properties of such packings built of a wide variety of different shapes, and in modeling monolayers obtained during irreversible adsorption processes of complex molecules. Here, we apply the algorithm to study the densities of packings built of rounded regular polygons. Contrary to packings built of regular polygons, where the packing fraction grows with an increasing number of polygon sides, here the packing fraction reaches its maximum for packings built of rounded regular triangles. With a growing number of polygon sides and increasing rounding radius, the packing fractions tend to the limit given by a packing built of disks. However, they are still slightly higher, even for the rounded 25-gon, which is the highest-sided regular polygon studied here.We study the recognition capabilities of the Hopfield model with auxiliary hidden layers, which emerge naturally upon a Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation. We show that the recognition capabilities of such a model at zero temperature outperform those of the original Hopfield model, due to a substantial increase of the storage capacity and the lack of a naturally defined basin of attraction. The modified model does not fall abruptly into the regime of complete confusion when memory load exceeds a sharp threshold. This latter circumstance, together with an increase of the storage capacity, renders such a modified Hopfield model a promising candidate for further research, with possible diverse applications.We investigate the influence of gravity and heat loss on the long-time nonlinear dynamics of premixed flames. selleck compound We show that even when their influence remains weak in the linear regime they can significantly modify the long-time behavior. We suggest that the presence of such a large-scale stabilizing effect could be responsible for the creation of new cells on the front and the appearance of the strong persistent patterns observed in several recent experimental and numerical studies. It could also explain some statistical anomalies observed in the topology of flame fronts.The generalized source term multiflux method (GSMFM) combined with Runge-Kutta ray tracing technique is developed to calculate arbitrary directional radiative intensity of graded-index media. In this method, the finite volume method is employed to solve source terms along the curved ray path determined by the Fermat principle. Runge-Kutta ray tracing technique is adopted to obtain the ray trajectory numerical solution in graded-index media. And the GSMFM is used to solve radiative intensity to be expected. One-dimensional and two-dimensional radiative heat transfer problems are investigated to verify the performance of this method. The numerical results show that the accuracy of the GSMFM is close to that of backward Monte Carlo (BMC) method, while the efficiency of GSMFM is much higher than that of the BMC. Therefore, the GSMFM developed can be considered as a promising method to solve arbitrary radiative intensity in graded-index media.The numerical simulation of the development of a streamer discharge in a gap with an external longitudinal magnetic field was used to demonstrate the self-focusing of such discharges. Self-focusing is caused by a sharp deceleration of the radial ionization wave due to a change in the electron energy distribution function, a decrease in the average electron energy, the rate of gas ionization, and the electron mobility in crossed electric and magnetic fields as compared to the case of the discharge development without a magnetic field. The self-focusing effect of a streamer discharge in an external longitudinal magnetic field is observed for both positive and negative pulse polarities. The paper proposes an estimate of the critical value of the magnetic field, which makes it possible to control the development of pulsed high-voltage discharges at various gas pressures.Volume integrals over the radial pair-distribution function, so-called Kirkwood-Buff integrals (KBIs), play a central role in the theory of solutions by linking structural with thermodynamic information. The simplest example is the compressibility equation, a fundamental relation in statistical mechanics of fluids. Until now, KBI theory could not be applied to crystals because the integrals strongly diverge when computed in the standard way. We solve the divergence problem and generalize KBI theory to crystalline matter by using the recently proposed finite-volume theory. For crystals with harmonic interaction, we derive an analytic expression for the peak shape of the pair-distribution function at finite temperature. From this we demonstrate that the compressibility equation holds exactly in harmonic crystals.We study thermodynamic processes in contact with a heat bath that may have an arbitrary time-varying periodic temperature profile. Within the framework of stochastic thermodynamics, and for models of thermodynamic engines in the idealized case of underdamped particles in the low-friction regime subject to a harmonic potential, we derive explicit bounds as well as optimal control protocols that draw maximum power and achieve maximum efficiency at any specified level of power.
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