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Bibliometric investigation effects of ginseng upon skin color.
The complication rate after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) in melanoma patients is high. The aim of this randomized non-inferiority study was to evaluate the effect of postoperative wound drainage on early complications after ALND and ILND.

Between 2018 and 2020, 104 stage III melanoma patients operated on with ALND or ILND were randomized to a study group with complete wound drain removal 3 wk after surgery or a control group with progressive drain removal. The primary end point was overall early complications graded according to the modified Clavien-Dindo classification. Secondary endpoints were length of hospital stay and prognostic factors for early complications.

Of the 99 patients analyzed, ALND was performed in 58 patients and ILND in 41 patients. Overall, 62 patients (62.6%) developed early complications 30 in the study group and 32 in the control group (P=0.53). The confidence interval for the difference in proportions of patients without early complications in the two groups was -0.27 to 0.11 (P=0.42), hence non-inferiority could be claimed. Length of hospital stay was 5 d in the study group compared to 6 in the control group (P < 0.01). ILND was associated with increased risk of early complications compared to ALND (75.6% versus 53.4%, P=0.04).

Complete drain removal 3 wk after ALN and ILND in stage III melanoma patients did not increase the risk of early complications compared to progressive drain removal.
Complete drain removal 3 wk after ALN and ILND in stage III melanoma patients did not increase the risk of early complications compared to progressive drain removal.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. More effective treatment options are urgently needed. The use of physical and weak alternating electric fields (TTFields) can inhibit cell division of PDAC carcinoma and is currently being investigated in clinical trials. Here, we analyzed this new physical treatment under non-ideal conditions such as may occur during patient treatment. Three established human PDAC cell lines BxPC-3, gemcitabine-resistant BxPC-3 (BxGem), AsPC-1, and a non-malignant primary pancreatic cell line CRL-4023 were treated with TTFields in vitro. MTT assays, electrical impedance measurement, cell staining with Annexin V/7AAD followed by FACS analysis, digital image analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed. Treatment with TTFields smaller than 0.7 V/cm and field lines in the direction of mitotic spindle orientation significantly inhibited proliferation of all PDAC cells at 150 kHz, but significantly increased viability of AsPC-1 cells at all frequencies between 100 kHz and 300 kHz and that of BxPC-3 and BxGem cells at 250 kHz. BIX 01294 solubility dmso Apoptosis or necrosis were not induced. Non-malignant CRL-4023 cells were not affected at 150 kHz. TTFields damaged PDAC cell lines but even favored their viability at very weak field strength and unfavorable frequency or inadequate field direction.Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) allows to dramatically enhance the sensitivity of magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR). DNP experiments usually rely on the detection of low-γ nuclei hyperpolarized from 1H with the use of cross polarization (CP), which assures more efficient signal enhancement. However, CP is usually not quantitative. Here we determine the quantification performance of three different approaches used in MAS NMR, (conventional CP, variable contact time CP, and multiple-contact CP) under DNP conditions, and we show that absolute quantification in MAS DNP NMR is possible, with errors below 10%.
In cases where even professional nurses have difficulty in giving care to cancer patients, student nurses may not be able to provide adequate care and sometimes develop a negative behavior or attitude towards this patient group.

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between the attitudes of nursing undergraduate students towards cancer and the empathic approach.

The study was carried out using the cross-sectional research design.

A university located in the southeast of Turkey between November-December 2020.

Nursing students from one Turkey nursing school.

The research data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Questionnaire for Measuring Attitudes towards Cancer (Cancer Stigma) (QMAC) - Community Version, and Jefferson's Empathy Scale for Nursing Students (JESNS).

240 students volunteered to participate in the study, and the rate of the students' response to the questionnaires was 52%. Of all the nursing students, 66.2% of them were female; 45.4% had a moderate cer decreased as their empathic skills increased. In addition, the students' receiving treatment for chronic diseases increased their negative perception of cancer. In order to reduce the negative attitudes of nursing students towards cancer, more trainings, lectures and seminars or clinical skills training regarding the development of empathic skills could be included in the undergraduate nursing curriculum.
Recent challenges to nurse education have resulted in an increased use of virtual reality which serves as an immersive and effective medium for skill and knowledge acquisition. Virtual reality technology is being included in nurse curricula at undergraduate level. This technology remains a relatively new experience for many nursing students with limited evidence regarding students' perspectives regarding virtual reality.

To explore nursing students' perspectives of incorporating virtual reality in nurse education.

Qualitative descriptive study using thematic analysis.

Public university in Ireland.

Undergraduate nursing students were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling.

Students (n=26) participated in face-to-face semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups in January and February 2020. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Three themes were constructed from the interviews captivating, innovative, and empowering nature of virtual reality; contextual transfercilitate learning, complement current educational approaches, and provide nurse educators with novel and engaging means of content delivery.
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