Notes

Immune Opportunity associated with Cardiovascular Valves.
7 mL/kg (p = 0.360). High SID fluid increased the mean (± SD) pH by 0.107 (± 0.09) vs. Hartmann's solution by 0.014 (± 0.12), p ≤ 0.001. Mean bicarbonate level increased signifi cantly in high SID group compared to Hartmann's (4.30 ± 3.76 vs. 1.25 ± 3.33, p ≤ 0.001). High SID group had higher post resuscitation lactate clearance than Hartmann's group (25.4 ± 28.3% vs. 12.0 ± 34.1%, p = 0.009). Shorter hospital stay was observed in highSID group 8.04 ± 5.96 days vs. Hartmann's group 12.18 ± 12.41 days (p = 0.048). Both groups showed no difference in incidence of pulmonary oedema, acute kidney injury and mortality.

Initial resuscitation using high SID fluid in selected septic patient improves pH and bicarbonate levels. Selleckchem EHop-016 The high SID group had better post resuscitation lactate clearance and shorter hospital stay.
Initial resuscitation using high SID fluid in selected septic patient improves pH and bicarbonate levels. The high SID group had better post resuscitation lactate clearance and shorter hospital stay.
Hospital staff in Taiwan practice mass casualty incident (MCI) management through full-scale exercise (FSE). However, FSE is generally resource-intensive and time-consuming. As an alternative, functional exercise (FE) may be more cost-effective with a similar effect in certain aspects. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the FE value in MCI training. We investigated whether FE can increase the familiarity of pediatric MCI response and the effect in different groups.

A new emergency operation plan (EOP) of nontraumatic pediatric MCI was developed in 2018 for our Children's Hospital. An FE was conducted to assess the plan. In addition to the emergency department staff, head nurses, supervisors, and physicians of Children's Hospital also participated in the exercise. Pre- and post-exercise questionnaires were designed, and participants were asked to evaluate their familiarity with pediatric MCI response pre- and post-exercise. Participants' reading experience of the new EOP, previous training level, occupation position, and whether they were using a computer during the exercise were also noted in the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using paired
-test and Fisher's exact test.

Among 49 participants, 16 participants completed the pre- and post-exercise questionnaires. The post-exercise familiarity score was found to be significantly higher than that of pre-exercise (
< 0.05). There were no significant differences among the relationships between familiarity increase and participants' reading experience of the new EOP, previous training level, occupation position, and whether they were using a computer during the exercise.

FE can significantly increase the familiarity of the hospital staff with pediatric MCI response and may be applied as a new training method of hospital disaster preparedness.
FE can significantly increase the familiarity of the hospital staff with pediatric MCI response and may be applied as a new training method of hospital disaster preparedness.
The Formosa Fun Coast Dust Explosion is one of the major national disasters in Taiwan. The Taipei City Hospital (TCH), a regional hospital without a burn unit, received 33 patients out of 499 casualties in the initial response period. This retrospective study aimed to review the primary response of TCH and the outcome and mortality of the patients who were initially managed at TCH.

Basic profi les, total body surface area (TBSA) with burn injury, facial burn injury, vital signs, laboratory data, intubation rate and clinical outcomes, such as urine output and mortality, were analyzed. Moreover, the emergency department (ED) response faculties, who were involved in the initial response, were interviewed about the critical decision-making processes during the patient surge in the ED.

The average initial estimated TBSA with burn injury in ED was 34.2%, and the average final TBSA assessed in the intensive care unit was 41.0%. The patients with facial burn injury were 38.7%, and the intubation rate was 22.6%.parable results with patients directly sent to the burn centers. This study supports the notion that immediate resuscitation in multiple level of hospitals, even without burn units but with adequate recruited response personnel, provided the best chance for the survival of casualties during such national disasters.This study aimed to examine scientific publications that were related to disaster medicine and were authored by emergency medicine physicians in Taiwan. This descriptive study utilized the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Academic works that were published between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2018, were collected for review and analysis. Of the 53 articles included in the final analysis,40 (75.5%) were original research, 3 (5.7%) were reviews, 1 (1.9%) was a brief report, and 9 (17.0%) were perspectives. The top 5 themes were disaster response systems (17, 32.1%), endemic diseases (11, 20.8%), emergency department (ED) overcrowding (10, 18.9%), earthquakes (10, 18.9%), and ED administration (9, 17.0%). Sixteen (30.2%) articles involved international collaborations. The median, interquartile range and range of the numbers of citations of the articles were 3, 1-11, and 0-65, respectively. Twenty-four (45.3%) articles were related to specific incidents the Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999 (n = 5), the Singapore airline crash in 2000 (n = 1), Typhoon Nari in 2001 (n = 1), the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2003 (n = 7), Typhoon Morakot in 2009 (n = 1), the color party explosion in Formosa Fun Coast Park in 2015 (n = 4), and the Tainan earthquake in 2016 (n = 5). Regarding the study methods, 19 (35.8%) articles were quantitative studies; 10 (18.9%) were qualitative or semiqualitative studies; 8 (15.1%) used questionnaire surveys; 3 (5.7%) were literature reviews; 3 (5.7%) used computer simulations; and 10 (18.9%) were descriptive/narrative or other types of studies. Though the number of academic publications related to disaster medicine from the EDs in Taiwan is relatively limited, the quality and diversity of research seem promising. The research environment and education programs on disaster medicine in Taiwan deserve thoughtful consideration.
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