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Morphological Variants involving Renal Carcinoma inside Radical Nephrectomy Specimens.
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of the National Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Rural Areas (NCCSPRA) in China. Methods Data were collected in the form of quarterly statistical tables reported by NCCSPRA counties in 30 provinces (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan province of China were not included into the NCCSPRA, and Tibet Autonomous Region carried out the program but did not reported the data) from 2009 to 2018. The women aged 35-64 years with sexual behavior and the identity (Hukou) of rural area in these project counties were included into the NCCSPRA, and women receiving hysterectomy for non-cervical cancer or non-cervical lesions were excluded. The following indicators were analyzed the positive rates of different screening methods, the abnormality rates of colposcopy and histopathology, the detection rate of precancerous lesions, the detection rate of cervical cancer and the rate of early diagnosis. MRTX0902 Results A total of 85 041 490 women aged 35-64 in rural areas received free cervical cancer screlly, the east of China (94.02%, 37 600) reached the higher rate than the middle(91.06%, 56 488), and the middle higher than the west (89.12%, 42 052) (P less then 0.001). Conclusions There are obvious difference in terms of the detection rate of cervical precancerous lesions and the rate of early diagnosis reflecting cervical cancer screening capacity among the eastern, middle and western regions,which showed service inequity among different areas indirectly. The middle and western regions, especially the western regions, are still the focus of future works.Objective To study the cervical cancer screening rate and related factors among women in China. Methods In 2015, Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance in Adults was conducted in 298 counties or districts using the multistage stratified cluster sampling in China. The study investigated 91 348 women aged 20 years or older who lived in the local at least 6 months in the past year. We collected the information about cervical cancer screening and socio-demographic factors through face-to-face interview. The screening rate was calculated by the complex sampling design and populating weighting. Rao-Scott χ2 was used to test the differences in screening rates within subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with the uptake of cervical cancer screening. Results The mean age of participants was (51±14) years old. The cervical cancer screening rate was 23.6% (n=21 346), and there was a significant difference in the screening rates among age groups. The cervical cancer screening rate in women aged 40-49 years was 34.8% (n=7 043). There was significant difference in the screening rates among geographic areas and the highest screening rate was 27.9% (n=6 707) in the eastern China. The more likelihood of uptake of cervical cancer screening was significantly associated with living in high-income regions, higher education, non-agriculture employment, higher household income, having medical insurance, and having health check-up during the past three years, and the cervical screening rate was higher (all P less then 0.05) . Conclusion The cervical cancer screening rate is low in China and there was significant difference in the age and geographic areas. The uptake of cervical cancer screening is associated with local economic status, household income, education, employment, health insurance, and health check-up.Objective To explore the annual probabilities of outcomes for different cervical disease states. Methods Cohort studies related to the natural history of cervical cancer were retrieved from PubMed, Embase and China Biomedical Literature Database, and the retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to May 2020. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included literatures. The annual outcome probabilities of different cervical disease states in high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) positive, negative and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1) population were calculated (95%CI). Random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Egger's test was used to evaluate publication bias; sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the robustness of the combined parameters. Meta-regression was used to explore factors associated with the heterogeneity of annual outcome probability. Results A total of 37 studies were included, including 12, 20 and 15 studies involving hrHPV nega 5.50, 2.36, 2.80 and 4.12, respectively (all P values0.05). Conclusion The annual outcome probability of different cervical disease states in hrHPV positive population is high, and the CIN1 population only needs close follow-up.Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Half of the annual newly diagnosed liver cancer cases come from China. A large number of clinical studies and practices have proved that early screening and early diagnosis can effectively reduce the 5-year total mortality of liver cancer. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to explore and establish customized liver cancer screening strategies for China. Based on the relevant domestic and foreign guidelines, clinical practice, and the latest advances in the research of the PreCar project, the expert from PreCar project(Prospective suRveillance for very Early hepatoCellular cARcinoma, PreCar), proposed novel strategies and procedures for early liver cancer screening in my country. The PreCar project aims to provide practical methods for early liver cancer screening and diagnosis, and to improve our national prophylactic level for liver cancer.
The endoscopic management of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)-associated dominant strictures remains challenging. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare balloon dilation and stent placement in the treatment of dominant strictures among PSC patients.

Literature searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL and Lilacs/Bireme were performed for studies published until December 2020. Measured outcomes included clinical efficacy, stricture recurrence, cumulative recurrencefree rate, transplant rate, 5-year survival rate, and adverse events (i.e., pancreatitis, cholangitis, bleeding, perforation and death).

A total of 5 studies (n=467) were included. Based on pooled analyses, there were no differences in clinical efficacy (risk difference [RD], -0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.58 to 0.33; I2=93%) or transplant rates (RD, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.19 to 0.01; I2=0%); however, the risk of occurrence of adverse events was lower with balloon dilatation than with stent placement (RD,-0.34; 95% CI, -0.
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