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ROI positioning in the left atrium is feasible to perform triple-rule-out CTA.
The current LR-5 criteria of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) determined by only major features provide high specificity, but unsatisfactorily low sensitivity for the noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to identify significant ancillary features (AFs) in LI-RADS version 2018 and develop the upgraded LR-5 criteria to improve diagnostic performance on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

This retrospective study included 280 patients (366 observations including 281 HCCs) at high-risk for HCC who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI between 2015 and 2017. Two readers evaluated major features and AFs for each observation and assigned a LI-RADS category. Independently significant AFs were identified through logistic regression analysis. Upgraded LR-5 criteria were developed by combining independently significant AFs with LR-4 assigned by major features alone. Sensitivities and specificities of the diagnostic criteria were compared usit AFs were upgraded to LR-5, sensitivities were higher than the standard LR-5, without impairing specificity. • Independently significant ancillary features in Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018 may be used to upgrade from LR-4 to LR-5 to improve sensitivity without impairing specificity on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.
• Independently significant AFs for HCC on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI were mild-moderate T2 hyperintensity, hepatobiliary phase hypointensity, nonenhancing "capsule," and mosaic architecture. • When LR-4 criteria by major features alone in combination with significant AFs were upgraded to LR-5, sensitivities were higher than the standard LR-5, without impairing specificity. • Independently significant ancillary features in Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018 may be used to upgrade from LR-4 to LR-5 to improve sensitivity without impairing specificity on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.
Harmonic instruments are becoming popular in head and neck surgeries. In this prospective, randomized study, the efficacy of the harmonic instruments and electrosurgical technique is compared.

A total of 48 patients undergoing unilateral neck dissection were divided into two groups. In one group, surgery was performed using conventional hemostatic instruments while in the other, only harmonic instruments were used. The two techniques were then compared with regard to intra- and post-operative blood loss, complications in operating time, drain, tracheotomy and nasogastric tube duration, and post-operative hospital stay.

Differences in operative time (P = 0.647), total suction drainage (P = 0.362) and time that drains (P = 0.404), nasogastric tube (P = 0.378), and tracheotomy (P = 0.052) were kept in place and proved not significant. The average blood loss during surgery was significantly greater in the CH group (P = 0.003) as the number of hemoclips and resorbable ligature used (P = 0.002).

In contrast
This study aimed to determine changes in FDG-PET/CT after pleurodesis with OK-432 and to investigate differences in the changes between non-malignant and malignant lesions.

Study participants were 17 patients with a history of malignant chest disease who underwent FDG-PET/CT after pleurodesis using OK-432 and in whom pleural lesions were determined to be non-malignant (n = 8) or malignant (n = 9). FDG uptake (SUV
) was counted on all pleural lesions. CT findings (CT attenuation, shape) of pleural lesions with increased FDG uptake were evaluated.

The number of patients with increased FDG uptake in the pleura differed significantly between the non-malignant group (3/8) and malignant group (9/9) (p < 0.01) The mean SUV
of non-malignant lesions with increased FDG uptake was 2.3 ± 0.7 vs. 6.2 ± 2.2 in malignant lesions, for a significant difference (p < 0.01). The mean CT attenuation of lesions was 36 ± 11 HU in the non-malignant group and 34 ± 14 HU in the malignant group, a difference that was not significant (p = 0.91). There was a significant difference in nodular and linear shapes between non-malignant and malignant lesions (p < 0.01). All non-malignant lesions were linear.

Positive FDG uptake was shown in non-malignant pleural lesions as well as in malignant pleural lesions after pleurodesis using OK-432. Combined analysis of FDG accumulation and CT morphology is helpful to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions.
Positive FDG uptake was shown in non-malignant pleural lesions as well as in malignant pleural lesions after pleurodesis using OK-432. Combined analysis of FDG accumulation and CT morphology is helpful to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important regulator for lipid accumulation, potentially known to have an inhibitory role in lipid synthesis. It inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), an important regulatory enzyme required for lipid synthesis. However, in Mucor circinelloides, AMPK and its association with lipid accumulation has not been studied yet.

To identify AMPK genes in M. BB-94 research buy circinelloides and to compare their expression levels in high and low lipid-producing strains of M. circinelloides to predict the possible roles of AMPK in lipid metabolism and to select candidate genes for further studies to enhance lipid accumulation.

Two genes for α-subunit, one for β-subunit and six for γ-subunit were identified and annotated. Bioinformatic analysis confirmed the presence of typical conserved domains in these genes. Furthermore, transcriptional profiling displayed marked differences in expression kinetics of subunits among the selected strains. The expression of AMPK genes decreased rapidly in WJ11, high lipid producer strain during the lipid accumulation phase while contrasting profile of expression was observed in CBS 277.49, low lipid producer strain.

The present study has shown the association of AMPK genes with lipid metabolism at the transcriptional level. The involvement of Snf-α1, Snf-α2, Snf-β, Snf-γ1, Snf-γ4, Snf-γ5 subunits were shown to be more pronounced and could potentially be further explored in future studies.
The present study has shown the association of AMPK genes with lipid metabolism at the transcriptional level. The involvement of Snf-α1, Snf-α2, Snf-β, Snf-γ1, Snf-γ4, Snf-γ5 subunits were shown to be more pronounced and could potentially be further explored in future studies.
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