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Although many rehabilitation protocols following hip arthroscopy have been described, there is still significant variability about duration, goals, restrictions and techniques to apply by the physical therapy (PT) after the surgical procedure. Objective of this study is a systematic review about rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy.

The data Sources were PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library. PRISMA guidelines were used for the systematic review. Level I-IV evidence clinical studies and clinical reviews that focused on rehabilitation protocols after hip arthroscopy have been used as study eligibility criteria. Major limitations include the retrospective nature of most of the studies selected (Level IV evidence) and the use of different clinical scores to report the outcomes.

This review showed that although a standardized guideline on rehabilitation following hip arthroscopy is still missing, the most recent studies and clinical trials are focusing on a four-phased program which includes goals, recommendations and a progression of exercises.

Rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy is strongly suggested, but different authors recommended different rehabilitation programs. There is not a defined program, but as of today the current standard of care is composed of phase-based programs.
Rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy is strongly suggested, but different authors recommended different rehabilitation programs. There is not a defined program, but as of today the current standard of care is composed of phase-based programs.
To explore the proportion, number, and type of external devices (including mobility devices, ambulatory aides, and orthotics) possessed and used by individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) from a developing country.

Cross-sectional study.

A total of 163 participants with SCI from several rural communities in a developing country participated in the study from June 2018 to August 2019.

The participants were interviewed and assessed for their SCI characteristics and the external devices (i.e., mobility devices, ambulatory aides, and orthotics) possessed and used in their daily living.

The majority of participants (85%), who lived in rural communities with family income of less than $3,167 per year, possessed external devices (1-5 types), and 80% of all participants actually used the devices (1-3 types) in their daily living. Most participants with motor-complete SCI used a single device, especially a manual wheelchair, whereas those with mild lesion severity used multiple devices for their daily activities, particularly a standard walker.

Owing to budget and environmental constraints, the external devices used by individuals with SCI from a developing country are different from those reported in a developed country. The findings provide particular insights into the management of external devices for these individuals of a developing country.
Owing to budget and environmental constraints, the external devices used by individuals with SCI from a developing country are different from those reported in a developed country. The findings provide particular insights into the management of external devices for these individuals of a developing country.
We hypothesized that repeat onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX-A) injections to salivary glands would have a cumulative effect on drooling, leading to prolonged efficacy duration.

We retrospectively reviewed medical records and conducted a telephone survey of individuals treated with BTX-A to the salivary glands to investigate ongoing efficacy or side effects. Outcome measures were duration of decrease in drooling, and adverse events. The main independent variable was the number of injections. We identified 52 consecutive individuals (26 females) with cerebral palsy with an average age of 9 years, 3 month ± 5 years, 2 months who had received BTX-A for sialorrhea.

Linear regression analysis showed that each additional injection resulted in the duration of efficacy being 0.68 months longer (P <0.001, R2=0.47). Age, sex, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, presence of tube feeding, presence of tracheostomy, gastroesophageal reflex, seizures and concurrent intramuscular injections seizures were not significant contributors to the association between injection number and efficacy duration F (6, 45) = 1.01, p= 0.431.InterpretationThere may be a cumulative effect of BTX-A injections to the salivary glands, resulting in longer periods of efficacy with consecutive injection.
Linear regression analysis showed that each additional injection resulted in the duration of efficacy being 0.68 months longer (P less then 0.001, R2=0.47). Age, sex, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, presence of tube feeding, presence of tracheostomy, gastroesophageal reflex, seizures and concurrent intramuscular injections seizures were not significant contributors to the association between injection number and efficacy duration F (6, 45) = 1.01, p= 0.431.InterpretationThere may be a cumulative effect of BTX-A injections to the salivary glands, resulting in longer periods of efficacy with consecutive injection.In 2015, the American Nurses Association issued a position statement on workplace violence. An authoritative, disciplinary position is critically important to inform policies and recommendations addressing this significant issue in nursing. selleck kinase inhibitor Position statements and policies should reflect disciplinary values. A discourse analysis of this position statement was performed through the lens of nursing ethics. The position statement endorses a zero-tolerance response, which is moralist, punitive, and questionably effective. It problematically presents patient and coworker violence as equivalent. Promotion of this position has the potential to erode public trust and lead us down a path of criminalizing illness behaviors.The purpose of the study is to explore the lived experiences of nurses with regard to their personal safety and to identify the fundamental structures underlying nurse safety. A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design, using the data analysis method proposed by Colaizzi, was used. Eleven nurses participated in the study between March and July 2019. The research findings indicated the fundamental structure of nurse safety encompasses 3 categories "nurses' personal protection systems," "safety support systems," and "risk factors." The fundamental structure identified in this study can contribute to better understanding and insight regarding the safety of nurses.
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