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Looking at general public emotion on added rural operate in the course of COVID-19.
Anaphylactic shock is a known serious adverse reaction of gadobenate dimeglumine injection. In this paper, we report a case of gadobenate dimeglumine-induced anaphylactic shock based on the temporal relationship between the onset of symptoms and the injection. The patient received chest compressions and balloon-assisted ventilation in addition to rehydration and volume expansion and vasoactive drugs to maintain blood pressure, etc. The patient died despite treatments. In the clinical, physicians, nurses, and clinical pharmacists should closely monitor patients and promptly discontinue drug administration and provide symptomatic care in case of adverse reactions.It is rare that Acute appendicitis (AA) caused by metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma is seen in the clinic. The underling mechanism is not clear, and the prognoses of these patients have been discrepant. Herein, we have presented a case of this disease seen in our clinic and summarized 7 similar previously reported cases. We reported the case of a 33-year-old female patient who presented with gastric cancer (GC) metastasis to the appendix that was found incidentally in the emergency surgery for AA with evidence of multi-site metastases. selleck kinase inhibitor The final pathology of endoscopic biopsy and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) confirmed late-stage GC with multi-site metastases. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were taken after diagnosed, and the patient died about 7 months after appendicectomy. We also reviewed 7 case-reports on GC metastasis to the appendix. The metastasis was symptomatic in 4 cases, and appendectomy was performed in all cases. The prognosis of the cases varied considerably. There was a total of 8 cases included in this paper. We discussed the diagnosis and the potential route of appendiceal metastasis from GC. Of the 8 cases, 6 had a history of GC. We also examined the prognosis of the cases and the benefit of performing appendectomy in every gastrectomy.The evolution of lung cancer treatment is an example of new perspectives in clinical oncology. Genomically determined targeted therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is developing very rapidly with the gradual identification of new target structures and the concomitant development of innovative drugs are a great promise for the future. The historical development of systemic treatment of NSCLC is a model example of the path to accurate (precise) treatment. The innovation of the treatment has led to the shift from (non-targeted) cytostatic treatment to targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The targeted treatment and immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors have led to breakthrough prolongation of survival in patients with advanced NSCLC. According to a recent European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommendation, NSCLC is therefore one of the diagnoses where an examination using the next-generation sequencing panel should be performed as a standard.Small cell lung cancer represents a disease with poor prognosis. Despite rapid progress in the fields of medical or radiation oncology, the treatment strategy of the small cell lung cancer has remained almost unchanged for over the last 30 years. Prophylactic cranial irradiation and irradiation of the primary lung tumor according to CREST clinical trial improved the median overall survival in months. Until the launch on immunotherapy, the systemic treatment didnt make significant progress, unfortunately including targeted therapy. Immunotherapy significantly changed the treatment outcomes of the several tumor types and finally even the prognosis of small cell lung cancer. Clinical trials with atezolizumab and durvalumab have further moved forward the median overall survival by more than 2 months without significant increase in the treatment toxicity and worsening of the patients quality of life. In the combination with chemotherapy, atezolizumab and durvalumab represents a new gold standard in the treatment of small cell lung cancer.Immunotherapy with check-point inhibitors has demonstrated remarkable therapeutic benefits in many oncological diagnoses, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Based on the data from clinical trials, it has become an important part of the NSCLC treatment algorithm. Treatment with programmed cell death protein 1 / programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors can be indicated in various ways as monotherapy or combination of immunotherapy with cytotox--ic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 inhibitors or in combination with other treatment modalities - chemotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy and radiotherapy. Regarding new spectrum of immune-related side effects, which require quick diagnosis and treatment, there is great urge to identify immunotherapy predictive biomarkers.The review article presents the current state and development of the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. It focuses on the therapeutic progress of traditionally targeted gene mutations EGFR, ALK and ROS1, as well as new established or promising targets. Mutations in the BRAF, NTRK, RET, cMET, HER2 and KRAS genes are discussed in this regard. In EGFR mutations, it focuses mainly on possible combination therapy and treatment for mutations in exon 20. In ALK translocation, it points to a new generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In ROS1, the article mentions possible treatment in addition to the usual krizotinib, including the treatment after disease progression. For other genes, the author lists newly approved molecules, or molecules in the promising phase of their development.The lung cancer dia-gnosis is still connected with high mortality. Even the new anticancer drugs are not able to preserve long survival in the advanced lung cancer patients. Only a minority of patients is diagnosed with early or locally advanced stages. In the following review, we present interesting data regarding the treatment updates in these potentially curable patients.Surgical resection is a principal treatment modality in the early stages of non-small cell lung cancer. The risks of surgical procedures are decreasing due to advancements in surgical techniques. However, optimal treatment strategy in locally advanced stages is unclear. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy could be a future treatment alternative.
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