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who should be offered second line therapies.The role of migration as a determinant in child mental health has been demonstrated in a number of studies. However, results are not always consistent, and the research continues to be scarce, especially in Portugal. We examined the association between sociodemographic profiles and the chance for the development of emotional and behavioral difficulties in a group of 420 children, immigrant (n = 217) and born in Portugal to Portuguese born parents (n = 203). We used a structured questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic information and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Descriptive statistics were used to characterize children and their families; variables were compared between groups using the Chi-squared, Fisher's Exact Test, or the Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression was used to analyze the association between socio-demographic factors and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Results showed a pattern of social and mental health inequalities with immigrant children at a disadvantage they are more often part of families with low income and where parents had low skilled jobs. Internalizing behaviors are more frequent in immigrants than in children born in Portugal to Portuguese-born parents (p = 0.001) whereas a high total SDQ difficulties score (p = 0.039) and externalizing behaviors were more frequent in 1st generation immigrant children (p = 0.009). A low family income (aOR 4.5; 95% CI 1.43-13.95), low parental education level (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.11-5.16), and being a first-generation immigrant child (aOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.06-4.76) increased significantly the chance of developing emotional and behavioral difficulties. This study contributes to the identification of children vulnerable to mental health problems who can benefit from monitoring, early detection and preventive interventions in order to mitigate possible negative outcomes in the future.This study examined the socioeconomic costs of dementia based on the utilization of healthcare and long-term care services in South Korea. Using 2016 data from two national insurance databases and a survey study, persons with dementia were categorized into six groups based on healthcare and long-term care services used long-term care insurance users with home- and community-based services (n = 93,346), nursing home services (n = 69,895), and combined services (n = 16,068); and long-term care insurance non-users cared for by family at home (n = 192,713), living alone (n = 19,526), and admitted to long-term-care hospitals (n = 65,976). Their direct and indirect costs were estimated. The total socioeconomic cost of dementia was an estimated US$10.9 billion for 457,524 participants in 2016 (US$23,877 per person). Among the six groups, the annual per-person socioeconomic cost of dementia was lowest for long-term care insurance users who received home- and community-based services (US$21,391). It was highest for long-term care insurance non-users admitted to long-term care hospitals (US$26,978). Effective strategies are necessary to promote long-term care insurance with home- and community-based services to enable persons with dementia to remain in their communities as long as possible while receiving cost-efficient, quality care.The high moisture extrusion of plant proteins is well suited for the production of protein-rich products that imitate meat in their structure and texture. The desired anisotropic product structure of these meat analogues is achieved by extrusion at high moisture content (>40%) and elevated temperatures (>100 °C); a cooling die prevents expansion of the matrix and facilitates the formation of the anisotropic structure. Although there are many studies focusing on this process, the mechanisms behind the structure formation still remain largely unknown. Ongoing discussions are based on two very different hypotheses structure formation due to alignment and stabilization of proteins at the molecular level vs. structure formation due to morphology development in multiphase systems. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to investigate the mechanism responsible for the formation of anisotropic structures during the high moisture extrusion of plant proteins. A model protein, soy protein isolate, is extruded at high moisture content and the changes in protein-protein interactions and microstructure are investigated. Anisotropic structures are achieved under the given conditions and are influenced by the material temperature (between 124 and 135 °C). Extrusion processing has a negligible effect on protein-protein interactions, suggesting that an alignment of protein molecules is not required for the structure formation. Instead, the extrudates show a distinct multiphase system. This system consists of a water-rich, dispersed phase surrounded by a water-poor, i.e., protein-rich, continuous phase. These findings could be helpful in the future process and product design of novel plant-based meat analogues.
the co-production of carbapenemases and
-genes represents a worrisome event in the treatment of
infections. The aim of the study was to characterize the genomic features of two clinical
complex (ECC) isolates, co-producing VIM and MCR enzymes, in Italy.
species identification and antibiotic susceptibility profiling were performed using MALDI-TOF and broth microdilution methods, respectively. Transferability of the
and
- type genes was verified through conjugation experiment. Extracted DNA was sequenced using long reads sequencing technology on the Sequel I platform (PacBio).
the first isolate showed clinical resistance against ertapenem yet was colistin susceptible (EUCAST 2020 breakpoints). The
gene was harbored on a conjugative IncHI2 plasmid, while the
determinant was harbored on a conjugative IncN plasmid. Proteasomal inhibitors The second isolate, resistant to both carbapenems and colistin, harbored
gene and its two component regulatory genes for increased expression on the chromosome,
on non-conjugative (yet co-transferable) ColE plasmid, and
on a non-conjugative IncA plasmid.
to our knowledge, this is the first report of co-production of VIM and MCR in ECC isolates in Italy.
to our knowledge, this is the first report of co-production of VIM and MCR in ECC isolates in Italy.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/Proteasome.html
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