Notes

Severe Heart as well as Metabolic Pathology Brought on through Steroid ointment Mistreatment in a Young Personal.
The COVID-19 pandemic, despite the restrictions and preventive measures applied, has rapidly spread and reached Poland. The adaptation to the dynamically changing epidemiological situation requires a prompt implementation of effective preventive measures. The aim of the publication is to provide current knowledge to all persons involved in the preventive care system, i.e., employees, employers and professionals of occupational medicine, about the epidemiological situation related to SARS‑CoV- 2, as well as recommendations and possible solutions. In order to analyze these issues, a review of literature was conducted based on medical research databases PubMed, SCOPUS, and the Web of Science Core Collection. The literature was supplemented with studies found on websites of the Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization. Data on the cases of and deaths due to COVID-19 come from reports provided by the Ministry of Health, data published on the websites of the European Center for Disease Prevention and Coke immediate and effective actions to minimize infection transmission among employees, and to develop procedures for a quick and effective ability to locate the COVID-19 outbreaks in workplaces. Med Pr. Inflamm inhibitor 2021;72(1)69-87.
To investigate the metformin effect on the risk of osteoporosis (OS) and/or vertebral fracture (VF).

We enrolled 14 611 pairs of metformin ever and never users matched on propensity score (PS) from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. All patients had new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) during 1999-2005 and were free from OS and/or any fracture at the start of follow-up on January 1, 2006. They were followed up until December 31, 2011 for the incidence of OS/VF. Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using PS was used in the main analyses.

New-onset OS/VF was diagnosed in 1757 never users (median follow-up 5.0 years) and 1143 ever users (median follow-up 5.3 years). The respective incidence rates were 2870.97 and 1713.20 per 100 000 person-years. Two-thirds of the incident cases had OS without VF and the other third had VF. In main analyses, the hazard ratio for ever vs never users was 0.592 (95% CI 0.550-0.638). In either sex, a dose-response pattern was noted and metformin therapy > 2 years was consistently associated with a lower risk. The protective effect attenuated with increasing age but remained significant in patients aged ≥ 80 years. In sensitivity analyses, metformin significantly reduced the risk of both OS and VF (with or without a prior OS) by 30-40%. Additional analyses showed a null association for other antidiabetic drugs, but significant interactions between metformin and insulin, sulfonylurea and pioglitazone, respectively, were noted.

Metformin use is associated with a lower risk of OS/VF.
Metformin use is associated with a lower risk of OS/VF.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism and related disorders belong to a group of heterogeneous rare diseases that share an impaired signaling downstream of Gsα-protein-coupled receptors. Affected patients may present with various combination of symptoms including resistance to PTH and/or to other hormones, ectopic ossifications, brachydactyly type E, early onset obesity, short stature and cognitive difficulties. Several years ago we proposed a novel nomenclature under the term of inactivating PTH/PTHrP signaling disorders (iPPSD). It is now of utmost importance to validate these criteria and/or improve the basis of this new classification.

Retrospective study of a large international series of 459 probands and 85 relatives molecularly characterized.

Information on major and minor criteria associated with iPPSD and genetic results were retrieved from patient files. We compared the presence of each criteria according to the iPPSD subtype, age and gender of the patients.

More than 98% of the probands met the proposed criteria for iPPSD classification. Noteworthy, most patients (85%) presented a combination of symptoms rather than a single sign suggestive of iPPSD and the overlap among the different genetic forms of iPPSD was confirmed. The clinical and molecular characterization of relatives identified familial history as an additional important criterion predictive of the disease.

The phenotypic analysis of this large cohort confirmed the utility of the major and minor criteria and their combination to diagnose iPPSD. This report shows the importance of having simple and easily recognizable signs to diagnose with confidence these rare disorders and supports a better management of patients.
The phenotypic analysis of this large cohort confirmed the utility of the major and minor criteria and their combination to diagnose iPPSD. This report shows the importance of having simple and easily recognizable signs to diagnose with confidence these rare disorders and supports a better management of patients.
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) persons are disproportionately affected by depression and have high social media use rates. Negative social media experiences may modify depressive symptoms among LGB persons. We sought to assess the potential influence of negative social media experiences on the association between LGB orientation and depression.

The aim of this study was to assess the potential influence of negative social media experiences on the association between LGB orientation and depression.

We performed a web-based survey of a national sample of US young adults aged 18-30 years. We assessed the respondents' LGB orientation, negative social media experiences, and depression using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. We used generalized structural equation modeling to assess both the direct and indirect effects (via negative social media experiences) of LGB orientation on depression while controlling for relevant demographic and personal characteristics.

We found a conditional indirect effe partially explained by negative social media experiences; these results could help inform future patient/provider conversations about mental health risk and protective factors related to social media use. Reducing these experiences and increasing positive social media experiences among LGB persons may mitigate depressive symptomatology in this population.
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