Notes

Does a Medial Malleolar Osteotomy or Posteromedial Method Supply Greater Operative Visual images for the Treatment of Talar Physique Cracks?
Brucellosis is endemic in Iran with a higher level of endemicity in western areas, including the Hamadan province. This study aims to define the seroprevalence of brucellosis and it,s risk factors in general the population of Famenin, Hamadan province, in western Iran.

This survey was conducted on 2367 participants in Famenin and its villages from September to November 2016. After receiving written consent from subjects, demographic information was obtained through questionnaires and 10cc blood samples were taken from the participants. Blood samples were sent to the Core facility of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and were tested using Wright and 2ME kits (Pasteur Institute, Iran) for serological detection of brucellosis. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/deoxycholic-acid-sodium-salt.html The seroprevalence of brucellosis was reported as percentage with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Totally, 2367 individuals with the mean age (SD) of 34.6 (20.9) (range 2 to 95) years were enrolled. Of these, 1060 (44.8%) were men and 1610 (68.0%) lived in rural areas. The seroprevalence of brucellosis according to the Wright titer (equal to or greater than 180) was 6.6% (95% CI 5.62%, 7.66%). The corresponding prevalence based on 2ME titers (equal to or greater than 140) in subjects with positive Wright test was 37.2% (95% CI 29.5%, 44.84%). We saw a significant association between the incidence of brucellosis and occupation (
< 0.001) and type of contact with livestock (
= 0.009) as two important risk factors.

The seroprevalence of brucellosis in Famenin population was considerable. Contact with livestock, animal husbandry, farming and history of brucellosis were risk factors for brucellosis infection.
The seroprevalence of brucellosis in Famenin population was considerable. Contact with livestock, animal husbandry, farming and history of brucellosis were risk factors for brucellosis infection.
In Iran, zoonotic and anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are caused by Leishmania major and L. tropica respectively. Despite extensive studies, no effective therapies have ever been reported for CL. The main objective of this research was to determine and compare the three different protocols for treatment of CL patients referring to Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center (SDLRC), affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran from September 2017 to October 2018.

In a randomized controlled parallel groups clinical trial, 150 selected CL patients who met our inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to one of the three therapy groups A, intra-lesional glucantime plus 50% trichloroacetic acid (TCA), B, intralesional glucantime and C, systemic glucantime. All patients in the three groups received the complete course of treatment and were followed for 6 months. To identify the etiologic agents, smears from their lesions were prepared and PCR-RFLP was used after parasite c scars, the time and the percentage of recovery, and the low cost of this agent in the treatment of CL.
In this study, the average duration of lesion healing among the three groups was the shortest in patients with IL glucantime plus 50% TCA treatment regimen. Also, the use of 50% TCA in patients suffering from CL was associated with a significant improvement in the depth of scars, the time and the percentage of recovery, and the low cost of this agent in the treatment of CL.
Thrombocytopenia is the most well-known hematological abnormality occurring in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, the rate of platelet count reduction is not the same across different chronic liver disease etiologies. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the differences in the platelet count levels between primary sclerosing cholangitis-related cirrhosis (PSC-C) and other causes of liver disease.

In this cohort study, the association between PSC-C and risk of platelet count reduction was investigated. The platelet counts were repeatedly measured among 242 consecutive cirrhotic patients (144 males and 98 females) including 67 patients with PSC-C and 175 patients with non-PSC-C who were on the waiting list for liver transplantation. The Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between platelet count reduction and PSC-C, after adjusting for potential confounding factors.

During the five years of follow-up, comparison between the two groups revealed that significantly higher levels of platelet were found in PSC-C patients when compared to the non-PSC-C group [148 (106-280) (×10
/µL) vs. 79 (50-110) (×10
/µL), respectively,
< 0.001]. After adjusting for confounding factors, a significant association was observed between non-PSC-C and the risk of platelet count reduction (relative risk, RR 14.81, 95% CI 1.21-160.42;
= 0.03).

The findings indicate that PSC-C patients present with mild degrees of thrombocytopenia compared to other causes of chronic liver disease.
The findings indicate that PSC-C patients present with mild degrees of thrombocytopenia compared to other causes of chronic liver disease.
Ideal respiratory support for very low birth weight infants (VLBW) can be selected based on demographic and clinical status at birth.

In this prospective cohort study, we included 163 VLBW neonates treated with either invasive or non-invasive respiratory support in their first 72 hours of life in the neonatal intensive care unit of Mahdiyeh hospital, Tehran, Iran. We used descriptive statistics to describe the data, and multiple logistic regression to determine the factors associated with the success rate of different strategies and the choice of strategy for primary respiratory support. All analyses were done using SPSS version 20 and STATA version 12 at a significance level of 0.05.

The success rates of initial respiratory supports with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP), noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), and INSURE (intubation surfactant extubation) were 63.20%, 42.10% and 61.90%, respectively. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed patent arterial duct (PDA) (yes vs. no OR = 0.42) had a significant effect on initial respiratory support success (
<0.05). Also, gestational age (>28 vs. ≤28 weeks OR = 0.26) and 5-min APGAR (≤6 vs. >6 OR = 9.69) had a significant effect on the choice of initial respiratory support in VLBW infants (
<0.05).

The neonatal clinical condition may be a predictor of success for initial respiratory support at birth. Since the arterial duct may be open during the first hours of life, more study is needed to verify if early closure of the arterial duct may help increase the success rate of non-invasive respiratory support.
The neonatal clinical condition may be a predictor of success for initial respiratory support at birth. Since the arterial duct may be open during the first hours of life, more study is needed to verify if early closure of the arterial duct may help increase the success rate of non-invasive respiratory support.
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