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Morphogenesis along with o2 mechanics inside phototrophic biofilms expanding over a new slope of hydraulic situations.
Background Radiosensitization using nanoparticles is proposed as a novel strategy for treatment of different cancers. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been reported to enhance effects of radiotherapy in several researches. Objective The objective of this research is to investigate the radiosensitization properties of polyglycerol coated SPIONs (PG-SPIONs) on U87-MG cancer cells. Material and Methods In this experimental study, polyglycerol coated SPIONs were synthesized by thermal decomposition method and characterized by FTIR, TEM and VSM analysis. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles by cells was examined via AAS. Cytotoxicity and radiosensitization of nanoparticles in combination with radiation were evaluated by MTT and colony assay, respectively. Results Mean size of nanoparticles was 17.9±2.85 nm. FTIR verified SPIONs coating by Polyglycerol and VSM showed that they have superparamagnetic behaviour. Viability significantly (P 0.05). Dose verification results by TLD for doses of 2 and 4 Gy were 2±0.19 and 4±0.12 Gy respectively. The combination index for all situations was less than 1 and the effect is antagonism. Conclusion However, PG-SPIONs combination with 6 MV X-ray reduced survival of U87-MG cells compared to radiation alone but the effect is antagonism. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering.Background Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid glycoside mainly found in citrus fruit and has been shown radio-protective potential in various measurement systems. Objective In this article aims to investigate the radio-protective effect of hesperidin on the liver of Sprague Dawely rats. Material and Methods In this clinical study, 40 male rats were selected randomly and divided into 8 groups. Group 1 did not receive radiation and hesperidin (sham control). Group 2 received only 100 mg/kg body weight (b.w) of hesperidin for 7 consecutive days (HES group); group 3 exposed to dose of 2Gy whole body gamma radiation (2Gy group), and group 4 and 5 received 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w of HES for 7 consecutive days before 2 Gy gamma radiation, respectively.Group 6 exposed to dose of 8Gy gamma radiation (8Gy group); group 7 and 8 received 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w of HES for 7 days before 8Gy gamma irradiation, respectively. Histopathological evaluation was perfomred 24 hours after radiation. buy INS018-055 Results Administration of hesperidin (50 mg/kg b.w, 7 days) before 2Gy of gamma irradiation led to remove inflammatory mononuclear cells in the portal space. Microscopic findings in the groups receiving two doses of hesperidin (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w, orally, 7 days), before 8Gy of gamma radiation, were similar in a way that extreme dilation of central veins to be seen, however, there was no capillarization. Conclusion HES can be offered as a suitable radio-protector in radiotherapy patients and radiation workers. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering.Background Cervical spinal cord is important and radiosensitive. It is the most critical organ for the head and neck (H&N) cancer patients during radiotherapy. If the delivered dose to the cord is more than tolerance dose, demyelination may occur. Objective Current study aims to analyze the post radiotherapy status of cord in the H&N cancer patients. Material and Methods In this analytical study, sixty patients who received more than 50 Gray (Gy) dose for more than 10 cm length of spinal cord participated in the study. All the patients were clinically examined and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for patients who had demyelination symptoms. Adequate medical management was provided for all the patients having demyelination. Results Out of sixty patients, ten cases were reported with demyelination symptoms, and only six cases gave consent for this study. One patient was found to have irreversible demyelination while five patients had reversible demyelination. Conclusion Demyelination may occur if long segment spinal cord receives dose more than tolerance limit. However target dose should not be compromised up to 54 Gy to spinal cord. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering.Zika virus (ZIKV) is a newly emergent relative of the Flaviviridae family and linked to dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIVKV). ZIKV is one of the rising pathogens promptly surpassing geographical borders. ZIKV infection was characterized by mild disease with fever, headache, rash, arthralgia and conjunctivitis, with exceptional reports of an association with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and microcephaly. However, since the end of 2015, an increase in the number of GBS associated cases and an astonishing number of microcephaly in fetus and new-borns in Brazil have been related to ZIKV infection, raising serious worldwide public health concerns. ZIKV is transmitted by the bite of infected female mosquitoes of Aedes species. Clarifying such worrisome relationships is, thus, a current unavoidable goal. Here, we extensively described the current understanding of the effects of ZIKV on heath, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment options based on modern, alternative and complementary medicines regarding the disease. © The Author(s) 2020.Leishmaniases are a group of parasitic diseases transmitted through the bite of female phlebotomine sandflies. Depending on the Leishmania species, the reservoirs can be humans (anthroponosis) or different animals (zoonosis). Zoonotic leishmaniasis present several clinical forms in function of the species involved visceral leishmaniasis (VL), cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The biological diagnosis is of utmost importance because the clinical features are not specific. In addition to parasitological and molecular biology (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) assays, serology is routinely used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. Indeed, although PCR is more sensitive than serological assays, its implementation is limited to referral laboratories and research centers. Therefore, serology is still a key element for their diagnosis. Here, we discuss the different serological assays available for the diagnosis of zoonotic leishmaniasis. We will review the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence antibody test, immunochromatography test (ICT), direct agglutination test, and western blot as well as the different diagnostic strategies in function of the clinical form (VL, CL, and MCL).
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