Notes

Divergent Metal-Free [4 + 2] Cascade Result of 1-Indanylidenemalononitrile using 3-Benzylidenebenzofuran-2(3H)-one: Usage of Spiro-dihydrofluorene-benzofuranone and Axially Chiral Fluorenylamine-phenol Types.
The differences in measurement frameworks are inevitable. One reason for the differences in the health system performance measurement framework is the differences in the data or data collection, analysis, and reporting. Performance measurement in the field of health, especially primary care, was a multidimensional issue.

Each of the main dimensions had several sub-criteria, indicating the broadness and complexity of the performance of first-level care providers. Single-dimensional performance measurement could underpin incorrect policies and decisions.
Each of the main dimensions had several sub-criteria, indicating the broadness and complexity of the performance of first-level care providers. Single-dimensional performance measurement could underpin incorrect policies and decisions.
Studies have shown that one of the most important complications of exposure to ionizing radiation is the emergence of cancer tumors, as a result of oxidative DNA. Since different radiography groups have high rate of exposure to ionizing radiation, examining the susceptibility rate of cancer in these groups is of prime importance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to measure the level of 8-hydroxy2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the radiographers' urine as a biomarker of oxidative damage while comparing it with the nonradiography staff.

Samples of two groups were selected for this case-control study, wherein 35 subjects were selected from different radiography groups (including nuclear medicine, radiology, radiotherapy, and CT scan) while the other 35 subjects were staffs who had no exposure to radiation. Later, urine samples were collected at the end of the working shift to determine the 8-OHdG concentration. The samples were obtained via SPE (solid-phase extraction) method. Subsequently, the 8-OHdG concentration was measured by the GC-MS analyzer.

The results confirmed that, the average concentration of 8-OHdG in the radiographers' urine (253.4 ± 31.2 ng/mg of creatinine) had a significant difference as compared to the nonradiographers' urine (141.1 ± 21.9 ng/mg of creatinine) (
= 0.004).

In conclusion, due to elimination of interfering factors, ionizing radiation affects the increase in 8-OHdG levels and acts as a potential biomarker for the damaged oxidative DNA.
In conclusion, due to elimination of interfering factors, ionizing radiation affects the increase in 8-OHdG levels and acts as a potential biomarker for the damaged oxidative DNA.
Hemoconcentration (HC) has been suggested to be a useful biomarker for determination of optimum diuretic therapy in acute heart failure (HF), but role of this factor in rehospitalization and death was still controversial. In this study, we aimed to define relation between HC and readmission and mortality rate among Iranian patients with acute HF.

This was a prospective cohort study done from March 2017 to March 2018 using data of a HF section of Persian Registry Of cardioVascular diseasE. From a total number of 390 registered HF individuals aged 18 years or older, 69 ones showed alterations in hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Hb levels were measured at admission and discharge time. HC was defined as any increased level in Hb during hospitalization. The relation of HC with readmission and death rate was done using multiple logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard model, respectively.

The mean age of study population was 70.5 ± 11.9 years with the dominant percentage of male participants (66.9%). Patients showing HC during admission did not reveal any significant decreased likelihood of rehospitalization compared to negative ones. In comparison to HC negative patients, those showing increments in Hb levels had a borderline significant lower likelihood of mortality (hazard ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.07-1.18,
= 0.08).

Our data suggested that HC was associated marginally with reduced mortality rate 6 months post HF attack and could be utilized as a useful biomarker for risk stratification of HF patients. Several prospective longitudinal population-based studies are necessary proving these associations.
Our data suggested that HC was associated marginally with reduced mortality rate 6 months post HF attack and could be utilized as a useful biomarker for risk stratification of HF patients. GDC-0980 clinical trial Several prospective longitudinal population-based studies are necessary proving these associations.
Prehypertension increases the likelihood of hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and renal failure, and it is amenable to control if it is detected early. The burden of prehypertension prevalent in the community is not much explored. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and to identify the socio-behavioral and dietary factors related to prehypertension in South India.

A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out where data related to socio-demographic status, substance use, dietary patterns, physical activity, and associated comorbidities were assessed using the WHO STEPwise survey tool. Adults aged >=18 years who were not previously diagnosed and treated for hypertension were assessed for prehypertension. Prevalence of prehypertension is reported as percentage with 95% CI. Association was reported as adjusted prevalence ratio obtained through multivariable log binomial regression adjusted for potential confounders.

Among 2399 participants, 2213 underwent screening. Among 2213 adutic and high-risk-based screening. Since prehypertension increases the risk for various end organ failures, there is an impending need to focus on screening and promote healthy lifestyles.
Craving is one of the diagnostic criteria for nicotine dependence. The aim of this study was Translating and Validating of Tobacco Craving Questionnaire-Short Form (TCQ-SF) on Persian.

Fifty smokers aged 15-65 years participated through a public invitation. The forward and backward translation was done according to Beaton's guideline, then all smokers completed questionnaire, in non-deprived and deprived states with a 1-week interval. After expert committee confirmed forward and backward translation, construct validity evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), mean craving scores Independent sample T-tests between high and low Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependent (FTND), and also, deprived and non-deprived smokers. The reliability assessment was done by Intraclass coefficient (ICC) and mean craving scores paired sample t test between two deprived states. The Cronbach's alpha was conducted for internal consistency.

The consensus Persian version of the questionnaire was obtained. The CFA indicated a significant (
< 0.
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